The effects that ultraviolet rays elicit on collagen synthesis and degradation are the most common causes of wrinkle formation and photo-aging in skin. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of Angelica acutiloba root ethanol extract (AAEE) to promote collagen synthesis and inhibit collagen degradation in human dermal fibroblasts. By examining total polyphenol and flavonoid c...

Thin films bonded to compliant substrates often develop wrinkles when subjected to an applied or inherent compressive stress. This paper presents a bilayer model to account for surface effects on the wrinkling of ultrathin solid films. Assuming a surface layer of finite thickness, effects of surface properties on the critical strain, the equilibrium wavelength, and the wrinkle amplitude are dis...

We investigated whether cilostazol, an activator of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent intracellular signaling, could inhibit ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation-induced photoaging in HR-1 hairless mice. Cilostazol decreased wrinkle formation and skin thickness in UVB-irradiated mice, as well as increased staining of collagen fibers and inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) forma...

Geological mapping of the area around Baltis Vallis, the longest (6,800 km) canali-type channel on Venus, has led to the determination of stratigraphic relations which appear to be consistent over this entire region comprising -20 x 106 km 2 or -5% of the total surface of Venus. The most abundant unit in the study area, plains with wrinkle ridges (Pwr), consists of two subunits separated by the...

Retinoids have many beneficial effects on dermatological applications. But, retinoids cause skin irritation. In this study, the safety of retinoids was clarified via both primary skin irritation test in rabbits and sensitization study using an integrated model for the differentiation of chemical-induced allergic and irritant skin reaction (IMDS) , an alternative method to sensitization test. Th...

In this section, we critically review a variety of so-called ‘wrinkle structures’ in an attempt to help distinguish between crinkly decorations arising from physical processes that acted on siliciclastic bedding surfaces, and true microbially induced ‘wrinkle structures’. The latter, however, are not easily differentiated from the numerous small-scale, crinkly irregularities on ancient bedding ...

Large ellipsoid parts are prone to wrinkle when forming by using traditional stamping. Aiming solve the wrinkling problem in large parts, EMIF method with a variable blank holder is proposed this paper. The numerical simulation has shown that sheet material near is, as consequence of stamping, subjected circumferential compressive stress. When drawing height was 100 mm, metal notably wrinkled. ...