To utilize the plant nutrients efficiently, rumen microbes play a great role in livestock, acting as source of energy. Like other ruminants, yak harbours different microorganisms that are responsible for bioconversion into energy animals. The samples liquor were collected from (Bos grunniens) rumen. specific media was made to culture and isolated pure with serial dilution. colony identified hel...

In polar environments, a lack of empirical knowledge about biodiversity prompts reliance on species distribution models to predict future change, yet these ignore the role of biotic interactions including the role of long past human exploitation. To explore how mammals of extreme elevation respond to glacial recession and past harvest, we combined our fieldwork with remote sensing and used anal...

BACKGROUND Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is highly endemic in the Tibetan regions of Sichuan where most families keep guard dogs and where there are considerable numbers of ownerless/stray dogs. Strong Buddhist beliefs do not allow for elimination of stray dogs, and many strays are actually fed and adopted by households or monasteries. On account of the high altitude (3900-5000 m), pasturage...

The absence of horns, known as the polled phenotype, is an economically important trait in modern yak husbandry, but the genomic structure and genetic basis of this phenotype have yet to be discovered. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study with a panel of 10 horned and 10 polled yaks using whole genome sequencing. We mapped the POLLED locus to a 200-kb interval, which comprises thr...

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha protein, encoded by the PPARGC1A gene, plays an important role in energy homeostasis. The genetic variations within the PPARGC1A gene promoter region were scanned in 808 Chinese native bovines belonging to three cattle breeds and yaks. A total of 6 SNPs and one 4 bp insertion variation in the promoter region of the bovine ...

Yak are crossed with Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle, including common local cattle breeds (via natural service) and via artificial insemination of frozen-thawed semen from improved breeds (e.g. Holstein Friesian). Female hybrids reach puberty and mate a year earlier than pure yaks. Nonpregnant F1 females usually have several estrus cycles in the same season and will generally calve every yea...