The Subgroup Isomorphism Problem for Integral Group Rings asks for which finite groups U it is true that if U is isomorphic to a subgroup of V(ZG), the group of normalized units of the integral group ring of the finite group G, it must be isomorphic to a subgroup of G. The smallest groups known not to satisfy this property are the counterexamples to the Isomorphism Problem constructed by M. Her...

Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) is a chronic tubulointerstitial renal disease of a still unknown etiology, associated with an increased frequency of urothelial carcinoma, particularly of the upper urinary tract (UUT). The aim of the study was to compare the occurrence of UUT carcinomas between Brodsko-Posavska Region (BPR) which is the region with endemic villages and the non-endemic region of...

A rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the soil in a karst area of Guilin, China and its biotransformation of steroidal saponins in sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine) to tigogenin was presented for the first time. A total of 22 strains for the degradation of steroidal saponins in sisal were isolated from 48 soil samples, and the isolated rod-shaped, bacterial strain ZG-21 was used for the product...

The evolution of a program directed at the enantioselective total synthesis of maoecrystal V, a highly modified ent-kauranoid, is described. An early stage chiral auxiliary-directed asymmetric C-H functionalization for the construction of a key benzofuran intermediate enabled the first asymmetric synthesis of the natural enantiomer of maoecrystal V, confirming the assigned stereochemistry. A di...

in recent years, many changes have been observed in buying culture of customers and developing chain stores in iran. moreover, need to be more competition in business environments made necessary the stablishment of chain stores, the creation of competitive advantage and long relations to the costumers. regular marketing is a response to stores requirement when establishing such a win-win long r...

The primary purpose of this paper is to focus attention on the substantial changes which have occurred in monetary velocity in the past. Velocity changes have tended to be overlooked in most current discussion concerning the relative importance of quantity. A secondary purpose here is to investigate some analytical approaches to understanding past velocity trends so that further movements might...

in this paper, we investigate various kinds of extensions of twin-good rings. moreover, we prove that every element of an abelian neat ring r is twin-good if and only if r has no factor ring isomorphic to z2  or z3. the main result of [24] states some conditions that any right self-injective ring r is twin-good. we extend this result to any regular baer ring r by proving that every element of a...

Let V (ZG) be the normalized unit group of the integral group ring ZG of a finite group G. One of most interesting conjectures in the theory of integral group ring is the conjecture (ZC) of H. Zassenhaus [25], saying that every torsion unit u ∈ V (ZG) is conjugate to an element in G within the rational group algebra QG. For finite simple groups, the main tool of the investigation of the Zassenh...