PURPOSE Reduced flow in the internal carotid artery (ICA) is related to cerebral ischemia. We established a classification of reduced ICA flow through color-coded carotid duplex (CCD) sonography. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 25,000 CCD images in sonography laboratory. RESULTS Reduced ICA flow [flow volume (FV) less than 100 mL/min] was found in 1.2% of all studies, and 270 patients w...

PURPOSE The goal of this study was to directly measure the association between the internal carotid artery (ICA) morphometry and the presence of ICA-posterior communicating artery (PCOM) aneurysm. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors intraoperatively measured the length of the supraclinoid ICA because it is impossible to radiologically determine the exact location of the anterior clinoid process...

Objective: Vessel-wall-volume (VWV) and localized vessel-wall-thickness (VWT) measured from 3D ultrasound (US) carotid images are sensitive to anti-atherosclerotic effects of medical/dietary treatments. VWV VWT measurements require the lumen-intima (LIB) media-adventitia boundaries (MAB) at common internal arteries (CCA ICA). However, most existing segmentation techniques were capable automatin...

Fifty-five Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates, classified as contaminants or causing device-related meningitis, from external ventricular drain (EVD) and non-EVD cerebrospinal fluid specimens were characterized. Thirty-three of 42 (78.6%) meningitis isolates were PCR-positive for ica and aap, known determinants of polysaccharide- and protein-mediated biofilm production, whereas five of 13 (38....

We describe a case of 72-year-old patient with recurrent transient ischemic attacks in the right internal carotid artery (ICA) territory associated uncontrolled hypertension. Duplex ultrasonography und angiography showed 60% stenosis signs vulnerable plaque cervical segment, as well 90% cavernous segment ICA. After further examination was diagnosed an 80% renal stenosis. First, had single-stage...

The neuropsychological tests in patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) demonstrated cognitive deficits associated with frontal lobe dysfunction, but the pathophysiological mechanism of memory impairment is not fully understood. This study evaluated relationship between degree of ICA stenosis and frontal activations induced by working memory (WM) task using fMRI. The fMRI data of 21 patient...

Duplex ultrasound criteria use a combination of velocity measurements to evaluate internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. These evaluations divide ICA stenosis into broad categories. The aim of this study was to design an artificial neural network (ANN) capable of predicting the exact degree of ICA stenosis based on duplex velocity measurements. Consecutive patients with significant carotid ath...

contamination of water by heavy metals is a global problem. nowadays everybody knows that heavy metal ions consist of iron, lead, manganese, zinc, copper, cadmium, and nickel and so on they are common contaminants in wastewater and known to be toxic and carcinogenic that lead to many problems for human and water environment. in this research, experiments have been performed in the batch system ...

The independent component analysis (ICA) tractography method has improved the ability to isolate intravoxel crossing fibers; however, the accuracy of ICA is limited in cases with voxels in local clusters lacking sufficient numbers of fibers with the same orientations. To overcome this limitation, the ICA was combined with a ball-stick model (BSM) ["ICA+BSM"]. An ICA approach is applied to ident...

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a technique that attempts to separate data into maximally independent groups. Achieving maximal independence in space or time yields two varieties of ICA meaningful for functional MRI (fMRI) applications: spatial ICA (SICA) and temporal ICA (TICA). SICA has so far dominated the application of ICA to fMRI. The objective of these experiments was to study IC...