Bioassay guided fractionation of an antimycobacterial extract of Foeniculum vulgare var dulce (Apiaceae) led to the isolation and characterization of 5-hydroxyfurano-coumarin. The chemical structure of this compound was elucidated by 1H and 13C (1D and 2D) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In addition, the active fractions were analyzed by GC-MS and seventy eight compounds were ide...

شب پره جوانه خوار بلوط Tortrix viridana, Linnaeus, 1758 (Lep. Tortricidae) یکی از آفات مهم گونه های مختلف جنس Quercus spp. می باشد. لاروهای این آفت ها و برگ درختان تغذیه نمایند باعث بی برگی کامل مورد نظر شوند. در تحقیق تفاوت ژنتیکی پروانه با استفاده مارکرهای ISSR بر اساس میزبان آن جنگل شمال غرب ایران مطالعه قرار گرفت. 19 جمعیت شامل 171 فرد که سه branti Lindl. 1840, infectoria Oliv. 1801 libani ...

Phytophotodermatitis is a cutaneous reaction caused by direct contact with phototoxic agents and subsequent sunlight exposure. Furocoumarins psoralens are 2 that can cause this reaction, these organic chemical compounds found in many plant species consumed humans. Following exposure to such foods ultraviolet radiation via sunlight, phytophotodermatitis occur. Due the etiology of rashes relating...

ویلیام شکسپیر، نویسنده رنسانس، متاثر ازکتاب مقدس، روابط انگلستان و اسلام از قرون وسطی-صلیبی تا وآشنا با زبان لاتین، مناقشات متعدد مذهبی، گفتمان جدید اسلامی را درتراژدی هملت آغاز می کند که برپایه قرآن کریم باشد. در این معرفت انسان دررنسانس، مخلوق خدای پاک منزه، بر مبنای رذیلت فضیلت نفس است. بنابراین، کسب تزکیه دردنیا پس مرگ، وبازآفرینی انسانی خوب برای برخی ها وجود داردکه نمایانگرتحول وحرکت دراین...

How polyphagous herbivores cope with the diversity and unpredictability of plant defenses remains largely unknown at both the genetic and molecular levels. To examine whether generalist counterdefense enzymes are structurally more flexible and functionally more diverse, two counterdefensive allelochemical-metabolizing cytochrome P450 proteins, CYP6B1 from the specialist Papilio polyxenes, feedi...

Chlorpromazine, a widely used tranquilizing drug of the phenothiazine group, was found to be a very potent photochemical inactivator of both deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid viruses in the presence of long-wave ultraviolet light (320 to 380 nm). Neither the light alone nor chlorpromazine alone caused any appreciable inactivation. The known chlorpromazine photoreactions with nucleic ac...

Naturally occurring furanocoumarin compounds psoralen (PRN) and isopsoralen (IPRN) are bioactive constituents found in herbaceous plants. They are widely used as active ingredients in several Chinese herbal medicines. In this study, the CYP1A2 inhibitory potential of PRN and IPRN was investigated in rats in vitro and in vivo as well as in human liver microsomes. Both compounds exhibited reversi...

Bergamottin (BG) and 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin (DHB) are the most abundant furanocoumarins present in grapefruit juice and have been proposed as major intestinal CYP3A4 inhibitors contributing to grapefruit juice-drug interactions. The relative contribution of BG versus DHB to the interaction potential is unclear, in part due to inconsistencies in the literature regarding inhibitory potency. T...

Leaf, fruit, stem, bark and root of Zanthoxylum americanum were investigated for antifungal activity with 11 strains of fungi representing diverse opportunistic and systemic pathogens, including Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus. All extracts demonstrated a broad spectrum of antifungal activity and inhibited at least eight fungal species in a disk diffusion ass...