Abstract. The brain tissue is a very complex biological material exhibiting viscoelastic-type properties at the macroscopic level, arising from hierarchical multiscale structure. Thus, to describe such interesting features molecular we introduce model mimicking coupling of microtubules and tau proteins inside neuronal axon study rate-dependent response under different conditions applied load, r...

Abstract In Chapter 6, we studied a simple version of the cable equation, where diffusion term was added to FitzHugh-Nagumo equations. this chapter, will revisit equation and go through derivation model. addition, consider numerical solution for neuronal axon with membrane dynamics modeled by Hodgkin-Huxley

The development of the adult visual system of Drosophila requires the establishment of precise retinotopic connections between retinal photoreceptor cell axons and their synaptic partners in the optic lobe of the brain. To assess the role of axon-axon interactions in retinal axon guidance, we used genetic methods to disrupt the normal spatiotemporal order of retinal axon ingrowth. We examined r...

Although there is agreement that the net addition of new microtubule polymer to the axon is required for its growth, controversy exists concerning the principal site in the neuron where this occurs. Some models hold that microtubule polymer is assembled within the cell body and translocated down the axon, while others hold that the net addition of polymer occurs at the distal tip of the axon. T...

Synaptic vesicle accumulation and morphological changes are characteristic features of axon terminal differentiation during synaptogenesis. To investigate the regulatory mechanism that orchestrates synaptic molecules to form mature presynaptic terminals, we visualized a single axon terminal of zebrafish olfactory sensory neurons in vivo and examined the effects of the neuron-specific gene manip...

Developing neurons can change axonal and dendritic fate upon axonal lesion, but it is unclear whether neurons retain such plasticity when they are synaptically interconnected. To address whether polarity is reversible in mature neurons, we cut the axon of GFP-labeled hippocampal neurons in dissociated and organotypic cultures and found that a new axon arose from a mature dendrite. The regenerat...

The axon of the pyramidal neuron in the cerebral cortex arises either directly from the peri-karyon or as a branch from a basal dendrite. When it arises from the perikaryon, an axon hillock is present. The hillock is a region in which there is a transition between the cytologi-cal features of the perikaryon and those of the initial segment of the axon. Thus, in the hillock there is a diminution...