In a one year population based study of major trauma (Injury Severity Score greater than 15) reaching hospitals in Northern Ireland in 1990/91 the incidence was 23.2 per 100,000 of the population or 20.5 per 100,000 excluding terrorist activities. The expected number of patients with major trauma for the province, (population 1.54 million) is 359 patients per annum. Road accidents and falls acc...

Management of acute heart failure is an important consideration in critical care. Mechanical support of the failing heart is crucial for improving health outcomes. The most common Australasian application of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) is in the setting of cardiogenic shock. High end users of IABP (>37/annum) demonstrate significantly lower mortality for cardiogenic shock manag...

The subscription rale for surface transmission including postage for year 2001 is Z$770.00 locally; Africa US$160.00 for individuals and US$215.00 for institutions; and US$210.00 for individuals and US$230.00 for institutions for the rest of the world per annum. The subscription rate for airmail transmission for year 2001 in Africa is US$275.00 for individuals US$290.00 for institutions and US$...

Student w astage during basic nursing programmes has been estimated at between 20% and 47% per annum over the last 10 years (Kotze, 1987; SANA. 1983). The training of every student costs the state approximately R13 500 per annum according to an investigation done by the SA Nursing Association in 1987. The economic loss due to the student wastage is therefore significant. At the same time studen...

As the National Health Service (NHS) enters a new decade in 2011, it faces one of its toughest financial periods ever. Despite NHS spending being protected from cuts, the equivalent of 0 per cent real growth (or thereabouts after adjusting for inflation) will mean the need to make efficiency savings of around 4 per cent per annum in order to close the estimated £20 billion productivity gap (App...