Cyclophosphamide (CYC) can control diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis (DPLN) by potent immunosuppression but remains associated with serious and life-threatening complications. Drugs that specifically target mediators of DPLN may help to reduce CYC dose and side effects. Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1)/CCL2 mediates monocyte and T cell recruitment in DPLN and Ccl2-specific l-enantio...

INTRODUCTION Altered phenotypes of circulating monocytes of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) have been reported, but the role of these alterations in the pathogenesis of SSc remains unclear. This study was undertaken to identify molecules that are preferentially expressed by SSc monocytes, and to investigate the roles of these molecules in the pathogenic process of SSc. METHODS We analy...

CC Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) is a potent chemoattractant produced by macrophages and activated astrocytes during periods of inflammation within the central nervous system. Increased CCL2 expression is correlated with disease progression and severity, as observed in pulmonary tuberculosis, HCV-related liver disease, and HIV-associated dementia. The CCL2 distal promoter contains an A/G polymorphi...

The increasing incidence of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) severely affects women's health. The involvement of the immune system during pregnancy and its contribution to RSA draw researchers' attention. Both Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) have been linked to various pregnancy disorders. In this study, we quantified TLR4 and CCL2 levels in a case-cont...

BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly population. We have shown previously that mice deficient in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1/CCL2) or its receptor (CCR2) develop the features of AMD in senescent mice, however, the human genetic evidence so far is contradictory. We hypothesized that any dysfunction in the CCL2 and its rec...

In the Abstract: ‘‘Further, we show that hiPSCs cultured with CCL2 can differentiate at a higher efficiency than culturing with just bFGF and we show CCL2 can be used in feeder-free conditions in the absence of LIF’’ should read ‘‘Further, we show that hiPSCs cultured withCCL2 can differentiate at a higher efficiency than culturing with just bFGF and we show CCL2 can be used in feeder-free cond...

Disruption of the circadian rhythm is a contributory factor to clinical and pathophysiological conditions, including cancer, the metabolic syndrome, and inflammation. Chronic and systemic inflammation are a potential trigger of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease and are caused by the infiltration of large numbers of inflammatory macrophages into tissue. Although recent studies identifie...

Increased central nervous system (CNS) levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in the systematic nomenclature] have been reported in chronic neurological diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1-associated dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis. However, a pathogenic role for CCL2 has not been confirmed, and there is no est...

Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS) is a significant cause of mortality post-bone marrow transplant (BMT) in humans. In our murine model, lethal pre-BMT conditioning and allogeneic T cells result in the recruitment of host antigen-presenting cells (APC) and donor T cells into the lung post-BMT concomitant with development of severe lung dysfunction. CCL2 induction is found in bronchoalveolar la...

Objective: Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) incidence rates have increased year by year, a part of them poor clinical outcomes, but the underlying mechanism involved is still unclear. Chemokines been thought to play an important role in occurrence and development tumors, they are poorly studied DLBCL. CC-Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2), most representative CC chemokine family members, through bi...