The angiogenic activity of CXC-ELR(+) chemokines, including CXCL8/IL-8, CXCL1/macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), and CXCL1/growth-related oncogene-alpha in the Matrigel sponge angiogenesis assay in vivo, is strictly neutrophil dependent, as neutrophil depletion of the animals completely abrogates the angiogenic response. In this study, we demonstrate that mice deficient in the src famil...

Dendritic cells (DCs) form a network comprising different populations that initiate and differentially regulate immune responses. Langerhans cells (LCs) represent a unique population of DCs colonizing epithelium, and we present here observations suggesting that macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3alpha plays a central role in LC precursor recruitment into the epithelium during inflammation. ...

Mesangial cells are specialized cells of the renal glomerulus that share some properties of vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophages. They are implicated in the pathogenesis of many forms of nephritis. The murine CXC-chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and KC induce migration of mouse mesangial cells. Mesangial cells also exhibit a unique chemokine feedback mechanism. Treat...

Although several neural pathways have been implicated in feeding behaviors in mammals [1-7], it remains unclear how the brain coordinates feeding motivations to maintain a constant body weight (BW). Here, we identified a neuropeptide pathway important for the satiety and BW control in Drosophila. Silencing of myoinhibitory peptide (MIP) neurons significantly increased BW through augmented food ...

State-of-the-art solvers for mixed integer programming (MIP) problems are highly parameterized, and finding parameter settings that achieve high performance for specific types of MIP instances is challenging. We study the application of an automated algorithm configuration procedure to different MIP solvers, instance types and optimization objectives. We show that this fully-automated process y...

Chemokines are small chemotactic cytokines that modulate leukocyte recruitment and activation during inflammation. Here, we describe the role of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) during cuprizone intoxication, a model where demyelination of the CNS features a large accumulation of microglia/macrophage without T cell involvement or blood-brain barrier disruption. RNase protecti...

Human intestinal epithelial cells secrete an array of chemokines known to signal the trafficking of neutrophils and monocytes important in innate mucosal immunity. We hypothesized that intestinal epithelium may also have the capacity to play a role in signaling host adaptive immunity. The CC chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3alpha/CCL20 is chemotactic for immature dendritic cells...

Lens major intrinsic protein (MIP) is the founding member of the MIP family of membrane channel proteins. Its isolation from ovine lens fibre cell membranes and its two-dimensional crystallization are described. Membranes were solubilized with N-octyl-beta-D-glucoside and proteins fractionated by sucrose gradient centrifugation containing decyl-beta-D-maltoside. MIP was purified by cation excha...

Given a feasible solution to a Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) model, a natural question is whether that solution can be improved using local search techniques. Local search has been applied very successfully in a variety of other combinatorial optimization domains. Unfortunately, local search relies extensively on the notion of a solution neighborhood, and this neighborhood is almost always ta...

We have recently reported that a novel muscle-specific inositide phosphatase (MIP/MTMR14) plays a critical role in [Ca2+]i homeostasis through dephosphorylation of sn-1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl phosphatidylinositol (3,5) bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2). Loss of function mutations in MIP have been identified in human centronuclear myopathy. We developed a MIP knockout (MIPKO) animal model and found that...