A chitinase gene of Bacillus circulans WL-12 was cloned into Escherichia coli by transforming HB101 cells with a recombinant plasmid composed of chromosomal DNA fragments prepared from B. circulans WL-12 and the plasmid vector pKK223-3. DNA sequencing analysis revealed that the region necessary for the normal expression of chitinase activity contained one open reading frame of 2097 base pairs w...

Transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of adenosine A1 receptors have demonstrated metabolic and functional tolerance to myocardial ischemia. We utilized cDNA microarrays to test the hypothesis that the cardioprotective mechanism(s) of A1 overexpression involve(s) altered gene expression. Total RNA extracted from the left ventricles from A1 transgenic (n=4) and wild-type (n=6) mic...

A mutant of Arabidopsis with reduced internodal cell length, acaulis5 (acl5), has recently been shown to have reduced transcript levels of a gene for endoxyloglucan transferase, EXGT-A1 (Y. Hanzawa, T. Takahashi, Y. Komeda [1997] Plant J 12: 863-874). In the present study, we cloned genomic fragments of five members of the EXGT gene family, EXGT-A1, EXGT-A3, EXGT-A4, XTR2, and XTR3, and examine...

We now construct the bijection. Given a rook tour P from (1, 1) to (n, 1), let S = S(P ) denote the set of all i ∈ {1, 2, . . . , n} for which there is either a directed edge from (i, 1) to (i, 2) or from (i, 3) to (i, 2). It is clear that this set S includes n and must contain an even number of elements. Conversely, given a subset S = {a1, a2, . . . , a2r = n} ⊂ {1, 2, . . . , n} of this type ...

Let n and q be given integers and X a finite set with n elements. The following theorem is proved for n > n0(q). The family of all q-element subsets of X can be partitioned into disjoint pairs (except possibly one if (n q ) is odd), so that |A1∩A2|+ |B1 ∩B2| ≤ q, |A1 ∩B2|+ |B1 ∩A2| ≤ q holds for any two such pairs {A1, B1} and {A2, B2}. This is a sharpening of a theorem in [2]. It is also shown...

To clarify the mechanisms of interaction between adenosine A(1) receptor (A1-R) and adenosine A(2) receptor (A2-R) on neurotransmitter release, this study determined the functional interactions among adenosine receptors (AD-Rs), voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channels (VSCCs), protein kinases (PKs), and synaptic proteins [N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) attachment protein (SNAP) receptors] on...

We have cloned cDNAs for Caenorhabditis elegans cyclins A1, B and B3. While cyclins A1 and B are most closely related to either A- or B-type cyclins of other species, cyclin B3 is less related to these cyclins. However, this cyclin is most similar to the recently identified chicken cyclin B3. Our identification of a Caenorhabditis homolog demonstrates that cyclin B3 has been conserved in evolut...

Let Cn = {compositions of n}, C = ∪Cn. We define a partial order making C into a ranked poset having 1 as its bottom element and Cn as its (n− 1)-st rank level. Let α = a1 + · · · + ak ∈ Cn. The interval [1, α] is shown to have the following properties: • The number of maximal chains in [1, α] equals the number of permutations of [n] with descent set {a1, a1 + a2, . . .}. • The interval [1, α] ...

Von Willebrand factor (VWF) contains binding sites for platelets and for vascular collagens to facilitate clot formation at sites of injury. Although previous work has shown that VWF can bind type IV collagen (collagen 4), little characterization of this interaction has been performed. We examined the binding of VWF to collagen 4 in vitro and extended this characterization to a murine model of ...

The enzymatic activity of the type 2A protein phosphatase (PP2A) holoenzyme, a major serine/threonine phosphatase in the heart, is conferred by its catalytic subunit (PP2AC). PP2AC activity and subcellular localisation can be regulated by reversible carboxylmethylation of its C-terminal leucine309 (leu309) residue. Previous studies have shown that the stimulation of adenosine type 1 receptors (...