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Interferon, interferon inducers, and a variety of other immunomodulators are known to depress the hepatic cytochrome P-450 drug-metabolizing system. Two concepts have been proposed to explain this phenomenon. (a) The steady-state of cytochrome P-450 is altered through decreased synthesis and increased degradation of cytochrome P-450 apoprotein. (b) Interferon induces xanthine oxidase; superoxid...

A single catalytic site model is proposed to account for the multiphasic kinetics of oxidation of ferrocytochrome c by cytochrome c oxidase (ferrocytochrome c:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.9.3.1). This model involves nonproductive binding of substrate to sites near the catalytic site on cytochrome c oxidase for cytochrome c, decreasing the binding constant for cytochrome c at the catalytic site. ...

A number of substances such as oxygen, dyes, and nitrate can act as hydrogen acceptors for xanthine oxidase (1). It has now been found that cytochrome c is also reduced by this system. Since only one other enzyme has been isolated which reduces cytochrome c (2), it was of interest to study the reaction, particularly since Ball (3) has indicated that xanthine oxidase is a flavoprotein. The activ...

In this study, near-infrared spectroscopy was applied to examine whether cytochrome oxidase in the rat brain is inhibited by nitric oxide in vivo. During normoxia, intravenous N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) administration significantly decreased the cerebral saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen but did not alter the cytochrome oxidase redox state. Anoxia significantly reduced the c...

Nitric oxide (NO) and its derivative, peroxynitrite (ONOO-), inhibit mitochondrial respiration, and this inhibition may contribute to both the physiological and cytotoxic actions of NO. Nanomolar concentrations of NO rapidly and reversibly inhibited cytochrome oxidase in competition with oxygen, as shown with isolated cytochrome oxidase, mitochondria, brain nerve terminals and cells. Cultured a...

The nuclear aod-1 gene of Neurospora crassa encodes the alternative oxidase and is induced when the standard cytochrome-mediated respiratory chain of mitochondria is inhibited. To study elements of the pathway responsible for alternative oxidase induction, we generated a series of mutations in the region upstream from the aod-1 structural gene and transformed the constructs into an aod-1 mutant...

Abstract Trichinellosis is a zoonosis caused by nematodes of the Trichinella genus, which 10 species have been described. Species identification when larvae found only possible using molecular tools. Meat from pigs and game animals not subjected to veterinary inspection are main sources human infections. The hunting native carnivores prohibited in Chile due conservation issues fact that those f...

When isolated mitochondria which have been labeled with [3H]leucine are solubilized and treated with anti-serum specific for cytochrome c oxidase, labeled polypeptides which correspond to the three largest polypeptides of this enzyme are immunoprecipitated. This indicates that the three largest polypeptides of cytochrome c oxidase which have Mr of 66,000, 39,000, and 23,000 are synthesized by i...

Cytochrome c oxidase has been found to be localized in a lipoprotein matrix in the mitochondrial membrane (l), which is undoubtedly responsible for the particulate nature of this enzyme when isolated from the tissue. Marinetti, Scaramuzzino, and Stotz (2) found that a purified cytochrome oxidase preparation contained 33% lipid which consisted of neutral fat, cholesterol, and phospholipids. The ...