An algorithm for estimating reliable and accurate depth maps from stereoscopic image pairs is presented, which is based on block–matching techniques for disparity estimation. By taking neighboring disparity values into account, reliability and accuracy of the estimated disparity values are increased and the corona effect at disparity discontinuities is avoided. An interpolation of disparity val...

BACKGROUND Although colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality rates are declining, racial-ethnic disparities in CRC mortality nationally are widening. Herein, the authors attempted to identify county-level variations in this pattern, and to characterize counties with improving disparity trends. METHODS The authors examined 20-year trends in US county-level black-white disparities in CRC age-adjusted ...

Physiological Computation of Binocular Disparity 1 Abstract We previously proposed a physiologically realistic model for stereo vision based on the quantitative binocular receptive eld prooles mapped by Freeman and coworkers. Here we present several new results about the model that shed light on the physiological processes involved in disparity computation. First, we show that our model can be ...

Binocular Disparity and the Perception of Depth 1 We perceive the world in three-dimensions even though the input to our visual system, the images projected onto our two retinas, has only two spatial dimensions. How is this accomplished? It is well known that the visual system is able to infer the third dimension, depth, from a variety of visual cues present in the retinal images. One such cue ...

Welchman et al. (1) propose a Bayesian model that combines a velocity prior for slow motion (2, 3) with approximations of lateral velocity Vx and velocity in depth Vz to model biased perception of 3D motion trajectories in the x–z plane (3, 4). Although decomposing a motion vector into orthogonal components may be mathematically convenient it raises the question of why the visual system should ...

To perceive multiple overlapping surfaces in the same location of the visual field (transparency), the visual system must determine which surface elements belong together, and should be integrated, and which should be kept apart. Spatial relations between surfaces, such as depth order, must also be determined. This article details two experiments examining the interaction of motion direction an...

Many neurons in the macaque ventral intraparietal area (VIP) are multimodal, i.e., they respond not only to visual but also to tactile, auditory and vestibular stimulation. Anatomical studies have shown distinct projections between area VIP and a region of premotor cortex controlling head movements. A specific function of area VIP could be to guide movements in order to head for and/or to avoid...

Local disparity signals must interact in visual cortex to represent boundaries and surfaces of three-dimensional (3D) objects. We investigated how disparity signals interact in 3D contours and in 3D surfaces generated from the contours. We compared flat (single disparity) stimuli with curved (multi-disparity) stimuli. We found no consistent differences in sensitivity to contours vs. surfaces; f...