We investigate yeast sex chromosome evolution by comparing genome sequences from 16 species in the family Saccharomycetaceae, including data from genera Tetrapisispora, Kazachstania, Naumovozyma, and Torulaspora. We show that although most yeast species contain a mating-type (MAT) locus and silent HML and HMR loci structurally analogous to those of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, their detailed organ...

Objectives: To report outcomes and associated risk factors for treatment failure (revision surgery or conversion to arthroplasty) in a consecutive series of patients undergoing concurrent femoral condyle osteochondral allograft (OCA) meniscus (MAT) transplantation using advances tissue preservation surgical techniques. Methods: Patients who underwent primary OCA concomitant MAT (OCAT+MAT) betwe...

The deep anoxic shelf of the northwestern Black Sea has numerous gas seeps, which are populated by methanotrophic microbial mats in and above the seafloor. Above the seafloor, the mats can form tall reef-like structures composed of porous carbonate and microbial biomass. Here, we investigated the spatial patterns of CH(4) and CO(2) assimilation in relation to the distribution of ANME groups and...

BACKGROUND Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6 (upd(6)mat) is a rare finding and its clinical relevance is currently unclear. Based on clinical data from two new cases and patients from the literature, the pathogenetic significance of upd(6)mat is delineated. METHODS Own cases were molecularly characterized for isodisomic uniparental regions on chromosome 6. For further cases with upd...

Both climate and plant species are hypothesized to influence soil organic carbon (SOC) quality, but accurate prediction of how SOC process rates respond to global change will require an improved understanding of how SOC quality varies with mean annual temperature (MAT) and forest type. We investigated SOC quality in paired hardwood and pine stands growing in coarse textured soils located along ...

Both climate and plant species are hypothesized to influence soil organic carbon (SOC) quality, but accurate prediction of how SOC process rates respond to global change will require an improved understanding of how SOC quality varies with mean annual temperature (MAT) and forest type. We investigated SOC quality in paired hardwood and pine stands growing in coarse textured soils located along ...

Two simple enzyme immunoassays, a conventional microplate and dot-ELISA, were developed to detect specific IgM antibodies using pool sonicated antigen prepared from three of the most reactive serovars of Leptospira associated with disease in Thailand. Both assays were evaluated and compared with the standard microscopic agglutination test (MAT) performed with 343 serum samples. A battery of 16 ...

Abstra t. Numeri string is a sequen e of symbols from an alphabet U, where U is some numeri al universe losed under addition and subtra tion. Given two numeri strings A = a 1 a m and B = b 1 b n and a distan e fun tion d(A;B) that gives the s ore of the best (partial) mat hing of A and B, the transposition invariant distan e is min t2U fd(A + t; B)g, where A + t = (a 1 + t)(a 2 + t) : : : (a m ...

Sex in basidiomycete fungi is controlled by tetrapolar mating systems in which two unlinked gene complexes determine up to thousands of mating specificities, or by bipolar systems in which a single locus (MAT) specifies different sexes. The genus Ustilago contains bipolar (Ustilago hordei) and tetrapolar (Ustilago maydis) species and sexual development is associated with infection of cereal hos...

A multiscale extension to the medial axis transform(MAT) or skeleton can be obtained by combining information derived from a scale-space hierarchy of boundary representations with region information provided by the MAT. The skeleton-space is constructed by attributing each skeleton component with a hierarchically ordered sequence of residual values, each expressing the saliency of the component...