We review the various techniques through which wind properties of massive stars – O stars, AB supergiants, Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs), Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars and cool supergiants – are derived. The wind momentum-luminosity relation (e.g. Kudritzki et al. 1999) provides a method of predicting mass-loss rates of O stars and blue supergiants which is superior to previous parameterizations. Assu...

Yellow band disease (YBD) has had severe impacts on major reef-building corals throughout the Caribbean. Recent data from Bonaire indicates that this disease remains in an epidemic phase showing similar trends compared to the late 1990s. Ten meter belt transects taken at varied depths of Montastraea spp. indicate high indices of yellow band lesions. At 5m depth, yellow band rings and lesions we...

Using a reionization model simultaneously accounting for a number of experimental data sets, we investigate the nature and properties of reionization sources. Such model predicts that hydrogen reionization starts at z ≈ 15, is initially driven by metal-free (PopIII) stars, and is 90% complete by z ≈ 8. We find that a fraction fγ > 80% of the ionizing power at z ≥ 7 comes from haloes of mass M <...

Abstract. Semantic segmentation of point clouds is indispensable for 3D scene understanding. Point have credibility capturing geometry objects including shape, size, and orientation. Deep learning (DL) has been recognized as the most successful approach image semantic segmentation. Applied to clouds, performance many DL algorithms degrades, because are often sparse irregular data format. As a r...

Ni based magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) have broad applications in actuators and MEMS devices. Two-stage stress induced martensitic phase transformation, a widely observed phenomenon in these alloys, is described conventionally as a fi rst stage L21 (austenite)-to-10M/14M (M: modulated martensite) transition, followed by a second stage 14M-to-L10 (tetragonal martensite) transformation at ...

In the Amazon basin, most of migratory Characiformes species represent an important fishing resource for local people. However, lack information about main areas and periods reproduction importance certain environments maintenance may jeopardize renewal fish stocks. Thus, aim was to examine spatial seasonal variation in density larvae archipelago Lower River assess this environment biological r...

The study aimed to compare the chronic eccentric-overload training effects of unilateral (lateral lunge) vs bilateral (half-squat) using an inertial device, on hypertrophy and physical performance. Twenty-seven young team sports male players performed a 4 sets of 7 repetitions of inertial eccentric overload training, biweekly for 6 weeks, distributed in unilateral lunge group (UG: age: 22.8 ± 2...

The chemical evolution of the Universe is governed by the chemical yields from stars, which in turn is determined primarily by the initial stellar mass. Even stars as low as 0.9M⊙ can, at low metallicity, contribute to the chemical evolution of elements. Stars less massive than about 10M⊙ experience recurrent mixing events that can significantly change the surface composition of the envelope, w...

Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images and spectra of the nucleated dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 205 are combined with 3-integral axisymmetric dynamical models to constrain the massMBH of a putative nuclear black hole. This is only the second attempt, after M33, to use resolved stellar kinematics to search for a nuclear black hole with mass below 10 solar masses. We are unable to identify a best-fi...

We have obtained high-dispersion spectra for four massive star clusters in the dwarf irregular galaxies NGC 4214 and NGC 4449, using the HIRES spectrograph on the Keck I telescope. Combining the velocity dispersions of the clusters with structural parameters and photometry from images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope, we estimate mass-to-light ratios and compare these with simple stellar p...