The acid property of alkali and alkali earth cation exchanged clinoptiolites were observed by micro-calorimetry of NH(3) adsorption at 200 degrees C. The reaction rates on decomposition of tert-butyl acetate (TBA) over clinoptilolites was proportional to the acid strength. 1,4-Dihydropyridines were oxidized to corresponding Pyridines in high yields at room temperature by H(2)O(2) aqueous soluti...

1-Lithio-2-butyl-1,2-dihydropyridines, typically formed as intermediates in the nucleophilic substitution (addition/elimination) of pyridine with (n- or t-)butyl lithium, have been isolated and comprehensively characterized. The linear substituted isomer is polymeric while the branched substituted isomer is a cyclotrimer. The lower oligomerization of the latter complex confers exceptional hexan...

We report herein that 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (alkyl-DHPs) can directly reach an electronically excited state upon light absorption and trigger the generation of C(sp3 )-centered radicals without the need for an external photocatalyst. Selective excitation with a violet-light-emitting diode turns alkyl-DHPs into strong reducing agents that can activate reagents through single-electron tran...

The title compound, C(28)H(19)NO(2), was synthesized by the reaction of 1,3-benzodioxole-5-carbaldehyde with naphthalen-2-amine catalyzed by thio-salicylic acid in acetic acid. The central dihydropyridine ring adopts a boat conformation. The two planar (r.m.s. deviations = 0.0158 and 0.0552 Å) bicyclic parts make a dihedral angle of 16.16 (5)° with respect to each other. The crystal packing is ...

Reaction of methoxyvinylmethylketone with different amines and aldehydes under Lewis-acid catalysed conditions results in a novel, formal, step-wise [1+2+1+2]-cycloaddition to give dihydropyridine products.

Since the calcium channel blocker (CCB) has become one of the most prescribed agents for antihypertensive monotherapy in the world, this brief review will focus on the recent research and development of the dihydropyridine (DHP) CCB, addressing pharmacological mechanisms for the clinical efficacy of the third and fourth generations of the DHP CCBs, especially on their possible central mechanism...

Myocardial cells have two types of Ca channels commonly called T-type and L-type. Whole cell Ca channel currents in guinea pig atrial myocytes can be separated and quantitated by analyzing channel closing kinetics after a brief depolarization (tail current analysis). L-type Ca channels deactivate rapidly when the membrane is repolarized and T-type Ca channels deactivate relatively slowly. Ca ch...