Developing an e-learning application requires much effort, even when sophisticated authoring tools are used. In this process, knowledgeable authors of learning material and knowledge engineers skilled in using e-learning technology are not the only important players; software engineers and web application developers often play major roles as well. The requirement of producing high-quality, effe...

The sexual apparatus in the watermolds has not been accorded the same degree of subcellular examination that characterizes the fine structure studies on their asexual reproductive mechanism. Nevertheless, the work that has been done demonstrates that the sexual structures are certainly amenable to ultrastructural analysis. Transmission electron microscopy has greatly expanded that knowledge whi...

One of the most obviously striking features of human language, especially in comparison with all other communication systems in nature, is syntax. More precisely, language is unique in providing an open-ended system for relating signals and meanings, one which has its own internal structure. The particular structure of the mapping between meanings and signals varies from language to language, a...

It is well known that model parameters are not invariant to shifts in policy regimes. Since Lucas' excellent paper on the subject, economists have paid lip service to the problems raised by regime shifts. Most policy analyses, however, ranging from columns in national magazines and newspapers to more formal work, continue to use models whose parameters are implicitly assumed to be immune to reg...

This chapter describes a class of word groups that lies between idioms and free word combinations. Idiomatic expressions are those in which the semantics of the whole cannot be deduced from the meanings of the individual constituents. Free word combinations have the properties that each of the words can be replaced by another without seriously modifying the overall meaning of the composite unit...