BACKGROUND Autoimmune retinopathy (AR) and Cancer-Associated Retinopathy (CAR) are associated with a diverse repertoire of anti-retinal autoantibodies (AAbs) but not all antigenic targets have been characterized. Identification of new AAbs may help with clinical diagnosis and prognosis of retinal dysfunction in AR. The goal was to identify frequently targeted retinal autoantigens within the 60-...

The method of 2‑dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) has been widely used for the proteomic profiling of solid biological samples, however, the analytical conditions have not been optimized. The present study optimized the major conditions of 2‑DE for determining the protein contents of solid tumor tissues, through enhancement of the separation efficiency and resolution. Three major analytica...

beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30) has been purified from Escherichia coli K-12 to near homogeneity based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in both 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate and in 6 M urea at pH 8.5. The purified enzyme shows a pH optimum of 7.7 and the Km for p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucopyranoside is 0.43 mM. The molecular weight of this enzyme, determined by bo...

Electrophoresis is the main metod for separating large polyelectrolyte molecules, primarily used on DNA, in biochemistry and medicine research. An overwiev of the models of physical mechanisms that are behind this phenomena will be presented. The prominent role is taken by reptation mechanisms, by which large ‡exible polyelectrolytes thread their way through the pores of the gel matrix. There a...

The separation of polypeptides by electrophoresis allowed Arne Tiselius to describe protein fractions corresponding to albumin, -, -, and -globulins in serum with the Rrst published diagram of human serum protein electrophoresis in 1939. The number of fractions slowly expanded into electrophoretic subfractions identiRed as 1, 2, 1, 2, 1 and 2. The mobility characteristics of these fractions are...

The discovery that antigen}antibody interaction could be produced not only in liquids, but also on gel media, such as agar or agarose gels, with the formation of insoluble immunoprecipitates, opened the door to the development of the gel diffusion techniques for immunoprecipitation analysis. The Rrst of these techniques, known as double diffusion, was introduced by Ouchterlony in 1948. In this ...

Mass spectrometry (MS) has greatly enhanced research in the field of microbial proteomics. Microbial characterization, including detection, differentiation, and identification, are the most important tasks of microbial proteomic laboratories worldwide.2-DE is a well-established technique for separation and quantitation of a large set of proteins and has much to contribute to the experimental an...

Glanded (Gd) cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum L.) contains scattered gossypol glands. Glandless (Gl) is a new type of seed containing only trace levels gossypol. This work quantitatively compared the content and migration pattern Gd Gl protein isolates. Both samples were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-gel electrophoresis, gel bands separated into seven partitions for peptide mass spect...