In the post-genomic era, if all proteins in a gene family can putatively be identified, how can drug discovery effectively tackle so many novel targets that might lack structural and small-molecule inhibitory data? In response, chemogenomics, a new approach that guides drug discovery based on gene families, has been developed. By integrating all information available within a protein family (se...

Duplicated genes are an important source of new protein functions and novel developmental and physiological pathways. Whereas most models for fate of duplicated genes show that they tend to be rapidly lost, models for pathway evolution suggest that many duplicated genes rapidly acquire novel functions. Little empirical evidence is available, however, for the relative rates of gene loss vs. dive...

objective: since the identification of the two highly penetrant dominantly inherited genes, brca1/2, in the 1990s, a number of other genes have been identified which account for approximately 25% of the genetic basis for hereditary breast cancer. at least 75% are unidentified. the goal of this study is to investigate the presence or absence of a recessive pattern of inheritance in this heteroge...

Background: Bax and Bcl-2 are the major members of Bcl-2 family whose play a key role in tumor progression or inhibition of intrinsic apoptotic pathway triggered by mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic members of this family can determine the cellular fate. Methods: In this study, the relative level of mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl-2 genes was deter...

The highly conserved TIFY domain is included in the TIFY protein family of transcription factors, which is important in plant development. Here, 28 TIFY family genes were identified in the Gossypium raimondii genome and classified into JAZ (15 genes), ZML (8), PPD (3), and TIFY (2). The normal (TIF[F/Y]XG) motif was dominant in the TIFY family, excluding the ZML subfamily, in which TLSFXG was p...

compiling clinical guidelines is one of the requirements of family physician plan and classification of health care services.1 the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes can easily be seen in general practice so that 2.5% of referrals to general practitioners are due to diabetes. more than half of the patients with type 2 diabetes are left undiagnosed and most of them suffer from its complications ...

health care system is organized to achieve more efficiency as well as developing public equity and providing access to the first, second and third levels of services. family physician is in the first line of the health care system; in other words, family physician is the health system’s goalkeeper. according to classification of health services, gaining access to specialized services becomes po...

Polycomb group (PcG)-mediated repression of C. elegans Hox genes has not been demonstrated, and genes homologous to components of one of the PcG complexes (PRC1) have not been identified in the C. elegans genome. We find that a mechanism of general Hox gene repression exists in C. elegans, carried out in part by SOP-2, a protein related to, but not orthologous with, any PcG protein. sop-2 mutat...