Clear Lake is on Iowa's list of impaired water bodies because of high P concentration. This study assessed soil-test phosphorus (STP), management practices, and P loads from its agricultural watershed. Management practice histories and STP for eight basins were surveyed in 1999. Soil samples (15-cm depth) were analyzed for STP with agronomic [Bray P1 (BP), Olsen (OP), Mehlich 3 (M3P) and enviro...

Tillage and nitrogen (N) fertilization can influence soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics, but their interactive effects remain contradictory. A long-term (25 yr) corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) rotation was used to investigate the effect of tillage [moldboard plow (MP) no-till (NT)] N rates (0, 80, 160 kg N·ha −1 ) on carbon (SOC), total (STN), respiration, SOM fractions [parti...

The availability of renewable energy does not meet the demands of consumption. Hence, fossil fuels will continue to be an important energy source, and coal promises to cover the requirements for the coming decades. Because of its high energy content, deep lying bituminous coal and anthracite are important for energy generation. One trend in the future of coal mining is thin seam mining, because...

Soils play a key role in the global carbon cycle. They can be a source or a sink of carbon and in ̄uence CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere. In order to calculate the carbon budget of a region, the effect of soil management practices on carbon sequestration in soils needs to be quanti®ed. Objectives of this experiment were to determine: (i) the effects of ridge till, plow till and no-till on t...

Application of agrochemicals and mechanization enabled increasing agricultural productivity yet caused various environmental soil health-related problems. Agricultural practices affect microorganisms, which are the key players many ecosystem processes. However, less is known about whether this effect differs between time points. Therefore, was sampled in winter (without crop) summer (in presenc...

Soil micro-food webs play an essential role in maintaining or improving the stability of agricultural soils, and they can be influenced by tillage. However, little is known with respect to soil microbial faunal communities their relationships shaped long-term tillage practices. The goal this study was investigate impact 38 years no-tillage (NT), subsoil (ST), moldboard plow (MP), rotary ridge (...

Energy consumption in Iran is a subject of debate. Some may think that oil is cheap in Iran and thus no need for this kind of research. This simple minding is erroneous first because Iran subsidizes billion dollars each year for the imported diesel fuel specially for agricultural use and second because energy studies reveal the degree of professionally using the technology. We can easily find t...

An innovative task learning system called PLOW (Procedure Learning On the Web) lets end-users teach procedural tasks to automate their various web activities. Deep natural understanding and mixed-initiative interaction in PLOW makes the teaching process very natural and intuitive while producing efficient/workable procedures.

Abstract The process of smooth plowing with the turnover layers within its own furrow is characterized by high energy costs due to interaction plow body and in conditions blocked cutting. purpose research substantiate type second-rear frontal plow. proposed front for contains twin screw housings, first-row colliders, rear right- left-turning second-row colliders. Screw housings are equipped mir...

Abstract This paper reviews and analyzes the impact of residue burning on environment human health, influence ex-situ in-situ management reducing pollution improving soil crop yield, farmers’ economic benefits. Paddy is cultivated 43.8 Mha in India, producing 118.43 Mt grain an estimated 165.8 straw. Burning most common practice for managing rice residues mainly due to its simplicity, low cost,...