Background Emerging quantitative cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) techniques use cine balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) to measure myocardial signal intensity and probe underlying physiological parameters. This correlation assumes that steady-state is maintained uniformly throughout the heart in space and time. Purpose To determine the effects of longitudinal cardiac moti...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a risk factor for paradoxical embolism, and severe shunting and wide opening of PFO are risk factors for severe and recurrent cerebrovascular events. Neither contrast echocardiography nor 2-dimensional (2D) measurement of PFO size have been validated or compared with invasive balloon sizing. METHODS We performed transesophageal echocardiogr...

Anatomic M-mode (AMM) is an echocardiographic technique that is capable of generating M-mode studies from two-dimensional (2D) cine loops. Unlike conventional M-mode (CMM) whose scan line must lie along the axis of the ultrasound signal, AMM produces M-mode studies independent of the orientation of the ultrasound beam. We sought to determine the ability of AMM to measure cardiac dimensions in n...

This study aimed to investigate the reliability of ultrasound two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) for the evaluation of myocardial ischemia in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients. We recruited 28 patients clinically diagnosed with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) and subjected them to 2D-STI, gated transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE), and 99Tcm-met...

We investigate the behavior of three-dimensional (3D) exchange-correlation energy functional approximations of density functional theory in anisotropic systems with two-dimensional (2D) character. Using two simple models, quasi-2D electron gas and two-electron quantum dot, we show a fundamental limitation of the local density approximation (LDA), and its semi-local extensions, generalized gradi...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Judgement of nasolabial aesthetics in cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a vital component of assessment of treatment outcome. It is usually performed based on two-dimensional (2D) facial photographs. An increasing use of three-dimensional (3D) imaging warrants an assessment if 3D images can substitute 2D photographs during aesthetic evaluation. The aim of this study was to comp...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of an evaluation scale for self-management behavior related to physical activity of type 2 diabetic patients (ES-SMBPA-2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Outpatients with type 2 diabetes (n = 146) completed a self-administered questionnaire supported by a semistructured interview based on a literature review. The content...

0010-2180/$ see front matter 2010 The Combust doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.11.014 ⇑ Corresponding author. Fax: +44 1517944848. E-mail addresses: [email protected] [email protected] (G. Hartung), m.katragadda@liver [email protected] (C.F. Kaminski). In a recent study, a light sheet imaging approach has been proposed (Hartung et al., J. Appl. Phys. B 96 (2009) 843–862) which permits mea...

BACKGROUND Recently, multi-planar reconstruction of the three-dimensional (3D) spiral chest CT scan has demonstrated superiority in the evaluation of the tracheobronchial tree. The goal of this study was to measure the lengths of the right and left main bronchi and their anteroposterior (AP) and transverse (TR) diameters using the 3D and two-dimensional (2D) images in the same adult respectivel...

Background. The clinical relevance of circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) is probably underappreciated, but variations in the measurement of this difficult analyte between different methods limit comparison of results. Methods. In 129 clinical samples, we compared a new automated assay with a commercially available liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) kit. Resu...