Steganography embeds a secret message in an innocuous cover-object. This paper identifies three cover-specific redundancies of executable programs and presents steganographic techniques to exploit these redundancies. A general framework to evaluate the stealth of the proposed techniques is introduced and applied on an implementation for the IA-32 architecture. This evaluation proves that, where...

Nawaz, Gupta and Gong recently proposed a 32-bit RC4-like stream cipher. In this paper, we show that the keystream generated from their stream cipher is not random. The keystream can be distinguished from random with only about 100 outputs (3200 bits) in 2 milliseconds on Intel Centrino 1.6GHz processor.

ITE JOURNAL / NOVEMBER 1999 HIGHWAY-RAILROAD GRADE crossings are a relatively unique and sometimes perilous intersection of two transportation modes. The cost of collisions at these intersections is high in both dollars and human lives. The amount and type of sight distance provided at highway-railroad grade crossings can have significant impacts on safety. The proper calculation of these sight...

ITE JOURNAL / FEBRUARY 2001 ALL OVER THE WORLD, ROAD safety appears to be considered a problem with many (social) consequences. Everywhere in the world people are trying to improve road safety. Yet, relevant literature contains many indications that road safety improvements are moving slowly. Several causes for this are given. First, the political priority is relatively low. Second, it is not w...

1Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. 2Department of Community Medicine, Saddam Medical College, Saddam University, Baghdad, Iraq (Correspondence to W. A. Al-Kubaisy: [email protected]). 3Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq. Received: 13/09/01; accepted: 07/04/04 ABSTRACT To determin...

The vast majority of children presenting for surgery on the eye are healthy. However, there are a number of ophthalmologic conditions that are often accompanied by coexisting morbidities.The majority of infants presenting for cataract surgery in the newborn period do not have coexisting diseases, but a variety of pediatric syndromes include cataracts in the constellation of derangements. Some e...

Vascular stenosis mainly on the basis of arteriosclerotic disease represents one of the major problems in cardiovascular disease. Vascular stenosis contributes significantly to the clinical consequences of arteriosclerotic disease being the leading cause of death in western countries. The etiology of vascular disease is very complex and many factors have been implicated such as abnormalities of...

ITE JOURNAL / SEPTEMBER 2003 RAIL FREIGHT TRANSPORT IN EUROPE—TIME FOR A CHANGE While transport in Europe has grown at an annual rate of 2.5 to 3 percent over the last 20 years, rail transport has experienced a significant decline. This process may be appreciated by comparing figures from 1970 and 1999: In 1970, railway market share in the European Union (EU) was registered at 21 percent. By 19...

The posterior cingulate cortex is a highly connected and metabolically active brain region. Recent studies suggest it has an important cognitive role, although there is no consensus about what this is. The region is typically discussed as having a unitary function because of a common pattern of relative deactivation observed during attentionally demanding tasks. One influential hypothesis is th...