Biological Nitrogen fixation is one of the two sources of nitrogen (N). Most nitrogen fixation in agriculture takes place in the Fabaceae family which can form symbiotic relationships with Rhizobium spp. if it is present in the soil. This study reexamines the effect that nitrogen (N) application has on nodulation number on the rooting zone of two small seeded legumes, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fat supplementation for enhancing milk conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in early lactation without affecting ruminal fermentation. 24 Holstein dairy cows were assigned to a completely randomized design employing a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Factors were particle size (15 and 25 mm) and two different sources of alfalfa supplemented with and wit...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cut and irrigation water quality on chemical composition and in situ dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradability of alfalfa. Three fistulated Zel sheep (approximately 2 years old) were used in a complete randomized design to evaluate the in situ rumen degradability. Ruminal in...

Twenty-four lactating Holstein dairy cows (12 first lactation and 12 multiparous; day in milk = 11 ± 5 days) were allotted to a randomised complete block design in a 2 × 3 factorial with four replicates per treatment to evaluate the effects of two methods of alfalfa feeding (dry and reconstituted to achieve a theoretical dry matter (DM) content of 350 g/kg) and three geometric mean (GM) particl...

four-handed fifty lactating holstein cows with mean body weight of, 597± 40 and 50±20 and days in milk body condi from sure of 3.1±0.4 were blocked by parity and randomly assigned to 3 treatments. each treatment had 3 pens and each pen had 50 cows. the experiment lasted for 60 days (10 days adaptation and 50 days collection period). concentrate to forage ratio was 60 to 40 and alfalfa hay repla...

High fiber and nonstarch polysaccharide-based poultry diets have received more interest recently for retaining or promoting beneficial gastrointestinal microbial populations. The objective of this study was to investigate and compare the in vitro potential fermentability of high-fiber feed substrates (HFFS) by laying hen cecal microflora. Feed sources examined included soybean meal, soybean hul...

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to determine molecular structures related to carbohydrates and lipid in alfalfa hay cut at early bud, late bud and early flower and in the afternoon and next morning using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR) and to determine their relationship with alfalfa hay nutrient profile and availability in ruminants. METHODS Chemical composition analysis, ...

Potential biological control inoculants, Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79 and microbial communities derived from market sprouts or laboratory-grown alfalfa sprouts, were introduced into alfalfa seeds with and without a Salmonella inoculum. We examined their ability to inhibit the growth of this foodborne pathogen and assess the relative effects of the inoculants on the alfalfa microbial community s...