Phospholemman (PLM) belongs to the FXYD family of small ion transport regulators. When phosphorylated at Ser(68), PLM inhibits cardiac Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX1). We previously demonstrated that the cytoplasmic tail of PLM interacts with the proximal intracellular loop (residues 218-358), but not the transmembrane (residues 1-217 and 765-938) or Ca(2+)-binding (residues 371-508) domains, of ...

A NUMBER of military and civilian applications require efficient operation of airfoils in low chord Reynolds numbers. The applications include propellers, sailplanes, ultralight mancarrying/man-powered aircraft, high-altitude vehicles, wind turbines, unmanned aerial vehicles, and micro air vehicles. Careful management of boundary layers on low-Reynolds-number airfoils is required to alleviate t...

A two-dimensional Newton–Krylov aerodynamic shape optimization algorithm is applied to several optimization problems in which the location of laminar-turbulent transition is free. The coupled Euler and boundary-layer solver MSES is used to obtain transition locations through the e method, which are then used in Optima2D, a Newton–Krylov discrete-adjoint optimization algorithm based on the compr...

Oxidative stress has been implicated as an important factor in many neurological diseases. Oxidative toxicity in a number of these conditions is induced by excessive glutamate release and subsequent glutamatergic neuronal stimulation. This, in turn, causes increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and neuronal damage. Recent studies indicate that t...

This paper presents a numerical analysis of the performance of a three-bladed Darrieus vertical-axis wind turbine based on the DU91-W2-250 airfoil. A complete campaign of 2-D simulations, performed for several values of tip speed ratio and based on RANS unsteady calculations, has been performed to obtain the rotor torque and power curves. Rotor performances have been compared with the results o...

Designing an aircraft without conventional control surfaces is of interest to aerospace community. In this direction, smart actuator devices such as synthetic jets have been proposed to provide aircraft maneuverability instead of control surfaces. In this article, a numerical study is performed to investigate the effects of unsteady suction and blowing oil airfoils. The unsteady suction and blo...

We present an experimental investigation of the flow structure and vorticity field in the wake of a NACA-0012 airfoil pitching sinusoidally at small amplitude and high reduced frequencies. Molecular tagging velocimetry is used to quantify the characteristics of the vortex array (circulation, peak vorticity, core size, spatial arrangement) and its downstream evolution over the first chord length...

We describe tests of a shrouded aerosol inlet for a high-altitude jet aircraft. Both the lip of the inlet and the shroud are NACA (National Committee for Aeronautics, now known as NASA, or National Aeronautics and Space Administration) airfoils. Wind tunnel tests show a smooth growth of the boundary layer in the inlet, with an undisturbed core more than I m back from the entrance. The shroud ma...

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed to predict the interference drag produced by two streamlined struts intersecting at various angles in transonic flow since no relevant experimental data are available for use in design studies. The one-equation Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model was employed in a RANS formulation assuming fully-turbulent flow. Selected cases were run ...