Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are Gram-positive bacteria that are natural inhabitants of the gastrointestinal (GI) tracts of mammals, including humans. Since Mechnikov first proposed that yogurt could prevent intestinal putrefaction and aging, the beneficial effects of LAB have been widely demonstrated. The region between the duodenum and the terminal of the ileum is the primary region colonized b...

Freshwater biodiversity is highly threatened and is decreasing more rapidly than its terrestrial or marine counterparts; however, freshwaters receive less attention and conservation investment than other ecosystems do. The diverse group of freshwater megafauna, including iconic species such as sturgeons, river dolphins, and turtles, could, if promoted, provide a valuable tool to raise awareness...

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have a long history of safe exploitation by humans, being used for centuries in food production and preservation and as probiotic agents to promote human health. Interestingly, some species of these Gram-positive bacteria, which are generally recognized as safe organisms by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), are able to survive through the gastrointestinal tra...

Accurate identification of Arctic plant species is critical for understanding potential climate-induced changes in their diversity and distributions. To facilitate rapid identification we generated DNA barcodes for the core plastid barcode loci (rbcL and matK) for 490 vascular plant species, representing nearly half of the Canadian Arctic flora and 93% of the flora of the Canadian Arctic Archip...

the zarivar lake a freshwater lake in west of kurdistan province is home for large number of native plant and animal species therefore water quality and health of the lake are vital for conservation of these species. the present study aimed at evaluation of the zarivar lake using nsf- wqi as an indicator of water quality. wqi is a suitable tool to examine and classify spatial and temporal varia...

BACKGROUND Contamination of corn mash by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) reduces the efficiency of the ethanol fermentation process. The industry relies heavily on antibiotics for contamination control and there is a need to develop alternative methods. The goals of this study were to determine the diversity and abundance of bacteria contaminating commercial ethanol fermentations, and to evaluate th...

A computational account of VP ellipsis is described, in which VP's are represented in the discourse model as contextually dependent semantic objects. It is argued that this approach can handle examples that are not allowed by alternative accounts. An implementation is defined in terms of extensions to the Incremental Interpretation System. The treatment of VP ellipsis is analogous to that of pr...

Studies were conducted to evaluate Bacillus atrophaeus spores’ production by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using sugarcane bagasse as support and soybean molasses as substrate at lab-scale in column bioreactors (forced aeration), plastic bags and Erlenmeyer flasks (aeration by diffusion). Different moisture contents (84%, 86% and 88%; 89%, 91% and 93%) and aeration rates (30mL/min, 45mL/min, 6...

While it is generally agreed that an elliptical Verb Phrase must be identical to its antecedent, the precise formulation of the identity condition is controversial. I present a semantic identity condition on VP ellipsis: the elided VP must have the same meaning as its antecedent. I argue that a semantic identity condition is superior to a syntactic condition on both empirical and theoretical gr...