BACKGROUND Despite multiple advantages of fat grafting for calf augmentation and re-shaping over traditional silicone calf implants, few reports have been published. OBJECTIVES To report our technique and results with autologous fat grafting for calf augmentation and reshaping. METHODS A retrospective review of the senior author's (JEV) experience with autologous fat grafting for calf augme...

Advantages of pelleted feeds in terms of storage, transportation and lower costs compared to natural fresh feed justified the replacement of artificial feeds instead of natural ones partially on maturation performances. This study comprised nine treatments (with three replications) including control treatment: polychaete worm (Perinereis nuntia), Squid and calf liver (natural feed); T1: pellet ...

Background: The diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is most critical in pregnant women who acquire infection during gestation and also in fetuses and newborns who are congenitally infected. This study described the performance of molecular and confirmatory serologic testing for toxoplasma infection in the tissues of human spontaneous aborted fetuses and their mothers' blood. Materials and Methods...

Black leg has been reported in a variety of animals, but is ofthe most importance in cattle and sheep. A20 days old Holsteindairy calf was examined because of anorexia and lameness from2 days ago. The calf was depressed, tachypneic, tachycardic, andhad a body temperature of 38.5ºC. Both hind limbs proximal tothe tarsal joint were markedly swollen, firm and painful. Nocrepitation was noted on pa...

Synophthalmia is a form of cyclopia, in which some elements of two eyes are fused and form a single eye in the middle region of the forehead. The head of a Holstein female calf born from a 5-year-old cow was referred to Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University due to multiple congenital anomalies. The calf had been slaughtered immediately after birth due to ...