Sodium diklofenak adalah satu obat golongan NSAID non selektif dengan koefisien partisi sebesar 13,4, yang membuat penetrasi pada stratum korneum kurang optimal. Sehingga diperlukan bahan dapat membantu dalam meningkatkan penetrasi, salah satunya ialah menambahkan penetrant enhancer. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh penambahan mentol sebagai enhancer kadar 0; 0,5; 0,75; 1% terh...

To determine the effect of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) major immediate-early (MIE) enhancer or promoter on the efficiency of viral replication in permissive human cells, we constructed recombinant viruses with their human MIE promoter, enhancer, and promoter plus enhancer replaced with the murine CMV components. After a low multiplicity of infection (MOI) (0.01 PFU/cell), recombinant human ...

The ZRS enhancer, a regulatory sequence found in numerous organisms, plays an important role early embryonic limb development. controls the expression of Sonic Hedgehog gene (Shh), and therefore development organism as Shh has been shown to control width bud by stimulating mesenchyme cell proliferation due its ability regulate anterior-posterior length apical ectodermal ridge. Several transcrip...

Purine-rich enhancers are exon sequences that promote inclusion of alternative exons, usually via activation of weak upstream 3' splice sites. A recently described purine-rich enhancer from the caldesmon gene has an additional activity by which it directs selection of competing 5' splice sites within an alternative exon. In this study, we have compared the caldesmon enhancer with another purine...

The murine Cebpa gene contains an evolutionarily conserved 453 bp enhancer located at +37 kb that, together with its promoter, directs expression to myeloid progenitors and to long-term hematopoietic stem cells in transgenic mice. In human acute myeloid leukemia cases, the enhancer lacks point mutations but binds the RUNX1-ETO oncoprotein. The enhancer contains the H3K4me1 and H3K27Ac histone m...

The objective of the present study was to develop n-propyl gallate-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (PG-SLNs) in a hydrogel (HG) formulation using Transcutol-P (TC-P) as permeation enhancer. Modified solvent injection technique applied produce optimized PG-SLNs via Quality by Design approach and central composite design. vitro mucoadhesion, scavenging activity, drug release, studies PG from PG-...

SL3-3 is a highly T-lymphomagenic murine retrovirus in which the transcriptional enhancer is a major oncogenic determinant. Here, we describe an SL3-3 enhancer variant that induced T-cell lymphomas in all inoculated mice with a shorter latency period than wild-type SL3-3. The enhancer repeat region of this variant contains two deletions encompassing the nuclear factor 1 binding sites in additio...

We studied the mechanism by which an insulator interrupts enhancer signaling to a gene using stably replicated chromatin templates containing the human beta-globin locus control region HS2 enhancer and a target globin gene. The chicken beta-globin 5' HS4 (cHS4) insulator acted as a positional enhancer blocker, inhibiting promoter remodeling and transcription activation only when placed between ...