5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) synthesis from glucose over in-situ phosphated titania catalysts is presented. Phosphates were incorporated into framework forming a titanium phosphate surface layer, where the coordinatively unsaturated tetrahedral TiO 4 units act as water-tolerant Lewis acid site (LAS) and adjacent protonated Brønsted (BAS), together Lewis-Brønsted pairs at molecular-level proxim...

OBJECTIVES This study investigated the effects of several conditioning methods on shear bond strength (SBS) and microleakage of orthodontic brackets bonded to demineralized enamel. STUDY DESIGN One hundred premolars were selected and immersed in a cariogenic solution for 12 weeks. The teeth were randomly assigned into 5 groups. In groups 1 and 2, the teeth underwent acid etching for 30 and 12...

In this paper, the behavior of corrosion in phosphated galvanized steel without defect and with surface is evaluated electrolyte solutions sodium chloride at a concentration 3% sulfate 0.1 M objective simulating marine environment presence chlorides, sulfates for industrial environment. experimental methodology, samples are used, each were exposed sulfate. The was electrochemical techniques Lin...

The objective of this study was to compare corrosion behavior in several titanium alloys with immersion in acidulated saline solutions containing hydrogen peroxide. Seven types of titanium alloy were immersed in saline solutions with varying levels of pH and hydrogen peroxide content, and resulting differences in color and release of metallic elements determined in each alloy. Some alloys were ...

The protection of metallic surface is commonly done with zinc phosphate in acid aqueous phosphate solutions containing zinc ions and phosphoric acid, as well in addition of other metallic ions (nickel, chromium, calcium, niobium etc.), in presence of accelerators as nitrate ions, hydroxylamine sulfate, benzotriazole and others. The present article is a study on the surface structure of zinc pho...

Stress has been proved to acidulate amphoteric molecules and promote an intermolecular proton transfer, which results in a significant absorption and emission change. The stress acidulated amphoteric molecules open a new avenue for developing mechanochromic materials and anticipate many broad applications such as stress/pressure sensors and rewritable media.

yazd asfordi phosphate rock (pr) was partially acidulated at five levels (0, 40, 60, 80, 100%) for increasing the relative agronomic effectiveness (rae) of canola (brassica napus l.), var. rgs in two calcareous and non-calcareous soils. the partially acidulated phosphate rock (papr) was compared vs. the standard fertilizer (triple superphosphate) in two levels (50 and 100 mg p/kg). this study w...