background: human exposure to antibiotic resistant bacteria (arb) is a public health concern which could occur in a number of ways. wastewaters seem to play an important role in the dissemination of bacteria and antibiotic resistant genes (args) in our environment. the aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of three groups of arb and their resistance genes in hospital and municipal wa...

OBJECTIVES TolC is a major outer membrane channel and it plays an important role in the excretion of a wide range of molecules, including antibiotics. A recent study has shown that Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium has nine functional drug efflux pumps; however, the TolC dependency of these efflux pumps remains to be studied in detail. The aim of this study was to investigate the TolC dep...

one of the great challenges in the treatment of infectious diseases is the resistance of pathogenic bacteria against antibiotics, and antibiotic resistance to shigella is broadly observed in different parts of the world. the object of this study was to determine shigella antibiotic resistance pattern against the antibiotics such as ampicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloram...

background and objectives: the appearance of antibiotic resistance in streptococcus pneumoniae has raised a global concern over the past three decades. this study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of s. pneumoniae isolated from patients in children´s medical center (cmc) hospital during 2001 to 2011. materials and methods: during the 11 years period, a total of 194 s. ...

The present study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern of Escherichia coli strains isolatedfrom animals to ascertain the levels of antibiotic resistance pervasiveness. A total of 28 E. coli strains wereisolated from faecal samples and the antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli strains was determined by meansof disc diffusion assay. The resistance pattern determined for all stra...

results among the specimens, 11 cases (1.4%) were culture-positive. among these isolates, only two isolates had high mic values for erythromycin and clarithromycin. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of the isolates revealed 6 pfge profiles (a-f) among which three and two isolates had the same patterns in profiles a and b, respectively. conclusions azithromycin can be a good drug of choi...

in this study, 90 internal organ samples of poultry with symptoms of colibacillosis were obtained from maragheh poultry farms in east azerbaijan, iran. in total, 70 bacterial isolates were confirmed as escherichia coli (e. coli) strains using standard biochemical tests, and antibiotic sensitivity was determined by the disk diffusion method. antibiotics used in this study included ampicillin, pe...

background and objectives: pseudomonas aeruginosa is a frequent opportunistic pathogen in health care associated infections that is highly resistant to the majority of β-lactams. the aims of this study were to access the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of p. aeruginosa isolated from educational hospitals of qazvin and alborz provinces, to determine the prevalence of metallo-β-lactamase (mb...