We review many developments in the design of the Beam Delivery System for the Next Linear Colllider. The collimation system has been redesigned to reduce nonlinearities and ease tolerances, and the IP Switch line has been adjusted to permit a 300 meter longitudinal separation between the two detectors. Magnet designs have been changed to reduce the number of distinct magnet classes, produce a s...

In this article a typical near field output power distribution of an optical fiber is obtained with conventional cross sectional imaging of the fiber output beam and is used to predict the overlapped output beam of a fiber bundle. The proposed fiber bundle is a design system for power delivery of a light source to the target, specifically for medical applications. A Gaussian surface is generate...

The target delivery of sensitive components to get the intended benefits is a challenge for global food industry. One principal strategies used boost individualized absorptivity, nutrient stability, and enhanced quality application liposomal systems in industry, which allows controlled release bioactive compounds. Lipid-oriented encapsulation such as liposomes are superior encapsulating compone...

Indiana University is operating a Low Energy Neutron Source which provides cold neutrons for material research and neutron physics and MeV energy for the neutron radiation effects studies. Neutrons are being produced by a 13 MeV proton beam incident on a Beryllium target. The LENS Proton Delivery System (PDS) is routinely operating at 13 MeV and 25 mA at 1.8% duty factor. The RF system, consist...

MOTIVATION In this study, a method is reported to perform IMRT and VMAT treatment delivery verification using 3D volumetric primary beam fluences reconstructed directly from planned beam parameters and treatment delivery records. The goals of this paper are to demonstrate that 1) 3D beam fluences can be reconstructed efficiently, 2) quality assurance (QA) based on the reconstructed 3D fluences ...

modification of the mechanical properties of silicone rubber were considered for drug delivery systems by using high-energy electron beam (e-beam). in this research work, two different medical grades of silicone rubbers were used to prepare matrices containing 10wt% progesterone with 2 mm thickness and irradiated with e-beam at dose range of 25 up to 200 kgy. then, the mechanical properties as ...

In the Beam Delivery Systems (BDS) for linear colliders that have been designed or built, collimators (or scrapers) are used to suppress backgrounds due to the beam halo. Off-energy and off-axis particles are stopped on the collimator jaws, physically limiting the acceptance of the system. This concept does not scale well to higher beam energy, higher intensity or lower emittance. The increased...

Background: Physical wedges are still widely used as beam modifiers in external beam radiotherapy. However the presence of them in the beam trace may cause beam hardening which may not be considered in many treatment planning systems. The aim of this study is to investigate the beam hardening effect generated by physical wedges via different beam quality indexes as photon spectrum, half value l...

Active vibration control is an important problem in structures. One of the ways to tackle this problem is to make the structure smart, adaptive and self-controlling. The objective of active vibration control is to reduce the vibration of a system by automatic modification of the system's structural response. This work features the modeling and design of a Periodic Output Feedback (POF) control ...