Routing is an important challenge in WSN due to the presence of hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is a hierarchical routing and data dissemination protocol. LEACH divides a network domain into several sub-domains that are called clusters. Non-uniformity of cluster distribution and CHs selection without considering the positions of other sens...

for any agency dealing with the design of the water distribution network, an economic design will be an objective. in this research, central force optimization (cfo) and differential evolution (de) algorithm were used to optimize ismail abad water distribution network. optimization of the network has been evaluated by developing an optimization model based on cfo and de algorithm in matlab and ...

Abstract In the continuous innovation and development of smart power grid in China, active distribution network as an important part, corresponding information security protection work has received attention whole society. On basis understanding current operation system, this paper analyzes discusses practical application cases by clarifying safety safe credible schemes network.

The active distribution network has been fully developed because it can achieve efficient energy utilization through the effective control of distributed generation, electrical storage, and loads. However, research on reliability operation still stays in medium long-term calculation, without considering influence dynamic equipment characteristics reliability. In order to improve comprehensivene...

Highly stochastic loading in the emerging active distribution networks means that electric utilities need to use their assets to the fullest by deploying intelligent network management tools. Real-time thermal rating (RTTR) provides possibility for short term and even real-time active distribution network management enabling the network to run closer to an overload state without damage. In this...

With the sharp increase in heterogeneity and distribution of elements in wide-area networks, more flexible, efficient and autonomous approaches for management and information distribution are needed. This paper proposes a novel approach, based on gossip protocols and firefly synchronisation theory, for the management policy distribution and synchronisation over a number of nodes in an Applicati...