(From the Rockefeller Institute !or Medical Research, New York.) The immunity which human beings develop towards vaccinia, after a successful vaccination, is the classical example of an artificially induced active immunity. The duration of the immunity to vaccinia is variable but extends frequently over many years. Many animals are subject to inoculation with vaccinia and they show, as in the c...

Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infects nearly 2 billion people worldwide. Effective immunity against M.tb infection requires co-ordinated responses from both innate and adaptive arms of immunity. To elucidate the immune responses important both in control of infection and in extra-pulmonary dissemination, we examined frequency and/or absolute numbers of T, B and NK cells, dendriti...

The Epidemiology of poliomgelitis has been investigated in our country Pasteur Institute; the incidence of Poliomgelitis, after the age of 4 years i's rare, in Iran.  Passive antibody of maternal origin do not interfere with production of active antibody after immunization.  Inactivated Polio Vaccine (salk) has been effective in reducing the incidence of poliomge­litis by approximately 90 per ...

The lantibiotic nisin is produced by several strains of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis. The chromosomally located gene cluster nisABTCIPRKFEG is required for biosynthesis, development of immunity, and regulation of gene expression. Inframe deletions in the nisB and nisT genes, and disruption of nisC by plasmid integration, eliminated nisin production and resulted in a strongly reduced level o...

Background: Endoparasitoid wasps inject venom proteins at oviposition to alter host immunity. Results: The venom of Leptopilina boulardi but not of a related species contains an active extracellular SOD. Recombinant SODs inhibit the Drosophila host phenoloxidase activity. Conclusion: An extracellular SOD is secreted and active in an insect fluid. Significance: SODs may be used as immune suppres...

It is critically important for plants to control the trade-off between normal growth and pathogen immunity. However, underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. Here we report such a controlled by WRKY70 its partner CHYR1 in Arabidopsis. We found that both levels of target gene SARD1 phosphorylated forms were increased WRKY70OE upon Pst DC3000 infection. Mechanistically, phosphoryla...

In 20 patients with severe HBsAg negative chronic active hepatitis a significant association has been found between the HLA determinants A1, B8, and Dw3 and cell-mediated immunity directed against human liver specific lipoprotein in vitro. This observation induces further speculation that genetic immunoregulatory action might be involved in the pathogenetic mechanisms of chronic active hepatiti...

objective(s) studies have described immunomedulatory effects of sun exposure and ultraviolet radiation on infectious and neoplastic diseases. here the effect of exposure to low potency radiation of sun on the course of leishmaniasis in mice was studied. materials and methods fifteen balb/c mice were exposed to suberythemogenic doses of sun (mean 180 mj/cm2/day of uvb) 2 months before and 4 mont...

background and objectives: brucellosis is an important health problem in developing countries and no vaccine is available for the prevention of infection in humans. because of clinically infectious diseases and their economic consequences in human and animals, designing a proper vaccine against brucella is desirable. in this study, we evaluated the immune responses induced by a designed recombi...

conclusions results indicated that the present vaccination program is insufficient for immunity against measles in this area. the general population immunity was lower than the necessary level for the elimination of measles. therefore, sero-epidemiological studies are necessary to organize national programs for control and elimination of measles. results overall, 821 (91.2%) of the studied popu...