Cases of acute leukemia showing both terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities are usually classified as acute myelogenous leukemia (AMI). Although some reports have implied overlap of TdT and MPO based on population percentages. direct evidence for simultaneous expression of TdT and MPO by a leukemic blast is lacking. By use of a simple new technique deve...

Basophilia is commonly associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia, notably in the accelerated phase or during blast crisis. It is also associated with other myeloproliferative neoplasms. However, its association with acute leukemia is very rare and is described in association with acute basophilic leukemia and few acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) with recurrent genetic abnormalities such as t(6...

Myeloid sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor composed of immature myeloid cells that efface the underlying tissue architecture. It is usually associated with acute myelogenous leukemia, but can be associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms, myelodysplastic disorders, or myeloproliferative/ myelodysplastic syndromes. If it is unrecognized, appropriate chemotherapy may be delayed and survival jeo...

Patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease are known to be at an increased risk of colorectal and liver cancers and of leukemia. In fact, several forms of primary and secondary hematological malignancies were rarely observed during the clinical course of inflammatory bowel diseases. The causal relationship, if any, remains undetermined. Patients needing a prolonged treatment with immu n...

Leukemia is an uncommon complication of exposure to radioiodine (131I), used in treatment of thyroid cancer, because low doses are now used. We report two cases of acute myelogenous leukemia developed after the treatment of a thyroid carcinoma with a small dose of 131I.

We report a patient with relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia after allogeneic stem cell transplantation who developed disseminated mucormycosis due to Rhizomucor pusillus/R. miehei involving lung, brain, and skin. After failing posaconazole and being intolerant to amphotericin, he was treated effectively with isavuconazole for over 6 months despite ongoing treatment for relapsed leukemia.

Differentiating chronic myelogenous leukemia in primary blast crisis (CML-BC) from de novo BCR-ABL1-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a diagnostic challenge with therapeutic consequences. In our case, a basophilia, the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome in all metaphases and the strict exclusion of molecular hallmarks of AML lead us to retain the diagnosis of CML-BC rather than BCR-...

Twenty-six patients with acute leukemia in relapse were treated with mitoxantrone (dihydroxyanthracenedione dihydrochloride). The drug was given as a rapid i.v. infusion for 5 days, and doses were escalated from 8 mg/sq m daily for 5 days to 20 mg/sq m daily for 5 days. Five of 12 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were induced into complete remission; one patient was induced into compl...

The case of a previously healthy 24-year-old man diagnosed with extradural thoracic granulocytic sarcoma with no evidence of bone marrow or other hematological involvement is described. The tumor was removed totally by microsurgery. The histopathological examination was consistent with granulocytic sarcoma. Granulocytic sarcomas are most commonly found in the context of an acute myelogenous leu...

Granulocytic sarcoma may develop at any time during the course of acute or chronic myelogenous leukemia. Symptomatic because of their invasive nature and mass effect, these tumors may occur in any anatomic site. Granulocytic sarcoma is diagnosed in a minority of patients with myelogenous leukemia, but when present, granulocytic sarcoma commonly affects the CNS. The most common manifestation of ...