Epistasis and genetic variance heterogeneity are two non-additive genetic inheritance patterns that are often, but not always, related. Here we use theoretical examples and empirical results from earlier analyses of experimental data to illustrate the connection between the two. This includes an introduction to the relationship between epistatic gene action, statistical epistasis, and genetic v...

Fine, so what does a population geneticist mean by epistasis? RA Fisher used ‘epistacy’ and later ‘epistasis’ to describe genetic interactions more generally [2]. We think that population geneticists hijacked this term over a decade after its coinage just to confuse the classical geneticists. OK, what does a medical doctor mean by epistasis? A thin film on the surface of a urine specimen. Enoug...

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS This paper proposes an inegrative two-stage genome-wide search for pairwise epistasis on expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL). The traits are clustered into multi-trait complexes that account for correlations between them that may result from common epistasis effects. The search is done by first screening for epistatic regions and then using dense markers within the i...

Fine, so what does a population geneticist mean by epistasis? RA Fisher used ‘epistacy’ and later ‘epistasis’ to describe genetic interactions more generally [2]. We think that population geneticists hijacked this term over a decade after its coinage just to confuse the classical geneticists. OK, what does a medical doctor mean by epistasis? A thin film on the surface of a urine specimen. Enoug...

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have dominated the field of human genetics for the past 10 years. This study design allows for an unbiased, dense exploration of the genome and provides researchers with a vast array of SNPs to look for association with their trait or disease of interest. GWAS has been referred to as finding needles in a haystack and while many of these "needles," or SNPs ...

Although the role of epistasis in evolution has received considerable attention from experimentalists and theorists alike, it is unknown which aspects of adaptation are in fact sensitive to epistasis. Here, we address this question by comparing the evolutionary dynamics on all finite epistatic landscapes versus all finite non-epistatic landscapes, under weak mutation. We first analyze the fitne...

Haloperidol is an efficacious antipsychotic drug that has serious, unpredictable motor side effects that limit its utility and cause noncompliance in many patients. Using a drug-placebo diallel of the eight founder strains of the Collaborative Cross and their F1 hybrids, we characterized aggregate effects of genetics, sex, parent of origin, and their combinations on haloperidol response. Treati...

The effects of quantitative trait loci (QTL) on phenotypic development may depend on the environment (QTL x environment interaction), other QTL (genetic epistasis), or both. In this article, we present a new statistical model for characterizing specific QTL that display environment-dependent genetic expressions and genotype x environment interactions for developmental trajectories. Our model wa...

breeding programs strategies depends on genetical mechanism of selection traits. in the present research, generation mean analysis with joint scaling test was performed to determine the gene action. f1, f2 and f3 generations, derived from roushan and kavir cross along with their parents were sown in a partial lattice design with two replications under stress condition at the research field of s...