6D SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) of mobile robots considers six dimensions for the robot pose, namely, the x, y and z coordinates and the roll, yaw and pitch angles. Robot motion and localization on natural surfaces, e.g., when driving with a mobile robot outdoor, must regard these degrees of freedom. This paper presents a robotic mapping method based on locally consistent 3D las...

Wide spread damage due to floods is one of the very common water induced natural disasters in Nepal that account for heavy losses during the monsoon period every year. Perennial rivers that flow through Siwalik area transport heavy sediments loads than rivers located in other areas during rainy season due to very fragile geology of the Siwaliks. Investigating the sediment production and transpo...

The variation of landscape metrics caused by varying the map input resolution has been investigated. Landscape metrics are spatial indicators used to link spatial patterns with the ecological processes that generate them. An aerial photograph was semiautomatically classified at different resolutions by superimposing a grid with a variable cell dimension (10, 20 and 40 metres) in a GIS environme...

In the wake of sustainable development, measurable indicators are needed to monitor land resources management. Aerial photograph interpretation, participatory research methods and logistic modelling were combined to establish indicators and to investigate their relationship with local land management systems. Land tenure and customary laws explained the di€erences in ®eld characteristics at Ike...

Many classes of scenes contain objects that are (approximately) two-dimensional polygons—for example, buildings in an aerial photograph, or flat mechanical parts on a tabletop. This paper deals with the problem of recovering (an approximation to) an unknown polygon from noisy digital data, obtained by digitizing either an image of the (solid) polygon or a sequence of points on its boundary. Not...

In a context of mobile environment mapping, a vehicle-based radar system, K2Pi, has been developed. A mapping of the environment is carried out from the radar datasets. Given the specificities of radar maps, the main problem at this stage is to find a method to georeference these maps. This article proposes three radar map georeferencing methods. The first method is a typical manual selection o...

Dot grids are often used to estimate the proportion of land cover belonging to some class in an aerial photograph. Interpreter misclassification is an often-ignored source of error in dot-grid sampling that has the potential to significantly bias proportion estimates. For the case when the true class of items is unknown, we present a maximum-likelihood estimator of misclassification probability...

6D SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) or 6D Concurrent Localization and Mapping of mobile robots considers six dimensions for the robot pose, namely, the x, y and z coordinates and the roll, yaw and pitch angles. Robot motion and localization on natural surfaces, e.g., driving with a mobile robot outdoor, must regard these degrees of freedom. This paper presents a robotic mapping meth...

California’s ongoing, unprecedented drought is having profound impacts on the state’s resources. Here we assess its impact on 98 deep-seated, slow-moving landslides in Northern California. We used aerial photograph analysis, satellite interferometry, and satellite pixel tracking to measure earthflow velocities spanning 1944–2015 and compared these trends with the Palmer Drought Severity Index, ...