Ninety-nine 2-year-olds, out of a larger sample of 474 children, were classified as high (n = 49) or low (n = 50) in externalizing (aggressive/destructive) behaviors based on maternal reports assessed twice across a 2-month period. During a laboratory assessment, these toddlers participated in two empathy-eliciting tasks, from which affective, behavioral, and physiological measures were derived...

outlined current theories of emotional development in infants. They summarized the arguments of a few well-known researchers in the field, describing both the theoretical approaches and the rationale behind those approaches. In the end, the authors argued against the mainstream chronology describing the emergence of so-called " nonbasic " emotions. According to their critical review, infants yo...

Impulsivity has been suggested to contribute to overeating and obesity. However, findings are inconsistent and it appears that only specific facets of impulsivity are related to eating-related variables and to body mass. In the current study, relationships between self-reported impulsivity, perceived self-regulatory success in dieting, and objectively measured body mass were examined in N = 122...

The (hetero)sexual double standard (SDS), prescribing sexual modesty for girls and sexual prowess for boys, negatively affects sexual and mental health. Nevertheless, endorsement and enactment of the SDS is still common. In this study, we respond to recent calls for modernization in the field of sexual double standard research. We describe the development of the "Scale for the Assessment of Sex...

This study reports age-related declines in context maintenance (Braver et al., 2001) and semantic short-term memory (STM) and evidencc for a relation between the two. A group of younger and older adults completed a context maintenance task (AX-CPT), a semantically oriented STM task (conceptual span), a phonologically oriented STM task (digit span), and a meaning integration task (semantic anoma...

After nearly a decade of concern over the role of food and beverage marketing to youth in the childhood obesity epidemic, American children and adolescents - especially those from communities of color - are still immersed in advertising and marketing environments that primarily promote unhealthy foods and beverages. Despite some positive steps, the evidence shows that the food and beverage indu...

OBJECTIVE To review the basic pharmacology and published literature regarding escitalopram and citalopram in child and adolescent depression. METHODS A LITERATURE REVIEW WAS CONDUCTED USING THE SEARCH TERMS: 'escitalopram', 'citalopram', 'depression', 'randomized controlled trial', 'open label trial' and limits set to: Human trials, English Language and All Child (Age 0-18). Additional articl...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We describe the trends in stroke mortality in Brazil during 3 decades and investigate their differences according to regional disparities, sex, and age distributions. METHODS Official data on mortality and population estimates were retrieved to calculate standardized mortality rates (with the 1980 Brazilian population as a reference) in 6 age strata and in the 5 politic...

Comparative Effectiveness of Bevacizumab andRanibizumab in the Comparison of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials To theEditor In2012,Martinetal1publishedtheresultsat2years of theComparisonofAge-RelatedMacularDegenerationTreatments Trials and found a nonsignificant difference between bevacizumabandranibizumabaccordingtothecontinuousend point of the change in letters of visual acui...