Bivalves process large volumes of water, leading to their accumulation of bacteria, including potential human pathogens (e.g., vibrios). These bacteria are captured at low efficiencies when freely suspended in the water column, but they also attach to marine aggregates, which are captured with near 100% efficiency. For this reason, and because they are often enriched with heterotrophic bacteria...

Fractal dimensions of aggregates can potentially be used to classify aggregate morphology as well as to identify coagulation mechanisms. Microbial aggregates of Zoogloeu rumigera have a cluster fractal dimension of 1.8kO.3 (+ SD), suggesting that these aggregates are formed through cluster-cluster coagulation. An analysis of size-porosity correlations for two types of marine snow aggregates yie...

he protein aggregates of various neuro-degenerative diseases are not created equal. So say Matsumoto et al. (page 75), who find that the aggregates of familial amyo-trophic lateral sclerosis (fALS) are unusually porous compared to those of Huntington's disease (HD). Both diseases are associated with the neuronal aggregation of a mutant protein in affected individuals. For fALS, the mutant prote...

Portland cement concrete has been used extensively for many years as a construction material in bridges, buildings, highway pavements and other structures. Numerous structures and pavements that have been in service for decades illustrate the good durability and value of con­ crete when properly used in engineering construction. For example, the first concrete pavement built in the United State...

When we model a phenomenon we apply a perspective on the phenomenon. The perspective decides which properties we include in the model. It also decides how we conceive a phenomenon in terms of its constituent parts. Several perspectives on the same phenomenon create several distinct, but overlapping models. The models of the phenomenon use potentially shared parts. Their combination is a complex...

Quasicrystals are solids that exhibit symmetries long thought forbidden in nature. Since their discovery in a rapidly solidified Al-Mn alloy in 1984, the central issue in the field has been to understand why they form. Are they energetically stable compounds or stabilized by entropy? In recent years, major strides have been made in determining atomic structure, largely by direct imaging using a...

The fact that data is scattered over many tables causes many problems in the practice of data mining. To deal with this problem, one either constructs a single table by hand, or one uses a Multi-Relational Data Mining algorithm. In this paper, we propose a different approach in which the single table is constructed automatically using aggregate functions, which repeatedly summarise information ...

In this work, we report synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles in polymer matrix by wet-chemical reduction method using ascorbic acid as reducing agent, copper (II) sulfate as metal precursor and polyvinylpyrrolidone k-30 (PVP K-30) as surfactant agent. The reaction was carried out in a high-speed stirring mixture at room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere. Characterization o...