1. Department of Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland 2. Department of Animal Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, P.R. China 3. Livestock Production Division, Department of Livestock Services, Harihar Bhawan, Pulchowk, Nepal 4. Resource Development Advisor, Nepal–Australia Community Resource Management Project, Kathmandu, Nepal 5. Institute of Biology, Academy...

Livestock distribution in the United States (U.S.) can only be mapped at a county-level or worse resolution. We developed a spatial microsimulation model called the Farm Location and Agricultural Production Simulator (FLAPS) that simulated the distribution and populations of individual livestock farms throughout the conterminous U.S. Using domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) as an example spe...

Production of safe and healthy high quality food for human population, preservation of stable rural social economic infrastructure and sustainable use of agricultural land and animal resources are important goals of European livestock sector. Research and innovation in the livestock sector will play an important role in development of more effi cient and sustainable strategies for supply of hea...

Several pest insects of human and livestock habitations are known as vectors of Salmonella enterica; however, the role of plant-feeding insects as vectors of S. enterica to agricultural crops remains unexamined. Using a hemipteran insect pest-lettuce system, we investigated the potential for transmission and retention of S. enterica. Specifically, Macrosteles quadrilineatus and Myzus persicae i...

Agri-environment schemes have been implemented across Europe to counter biodiversity loss in agricultural landscapes and halt the continual decline of farmland birds, including waders. Such schemes provide financial compensation for changes in agricultural practice, including livestock grazing regimes. Scheme uptake has been variable, partly because farmers believe that other factors, notably p...

Congress extended the crop insurance program to livestock with the Agricultural Risk Protection Act (ARPA) of 2000. Two livestock insurance products, Livestock Risk Protection (LRP) and Livestock Gross Margin (LGM), were subsequently approved by FCIC for sale beginning in the summer of 2002. Originally, LRP offered insurance against unexpected declines in the market price of hogs in Iowa. In 20...

Current levels of nitrogen deposition, especially ammonia, seriously impact upon ecosystems biological diversity. However, land use policy maintaining and enhancing key ecosystems in the UK in most cases does not explicitly take account of this pollution in terms of onsite management prescriptions. In this paper the economic potential of agricultural land retirement to reduce localised nitrogen...

We ask whether prime-age adult mortality due to HIV/AIDS decreases the endowment of knowledge for agricultural production in Kagera, Tanzania, reducing total factor productivity. We also quantify how much this negative effect contributes to the decrease in long-term household agricultural income growth compared to the contribution of decreased accumulation of productive assets; household member...

Livestock production is a major consumer of fresh water, and the influence of livestock production on global fresh water resources is increasing because of the growing demand for livestock products. Increasing water use efficiency of livestock production, therefore, can contribute to the overall water use efficiency of agriculture. Previous studies have reported significant variation in livesto...

This technology describes the introduction of livestock refuge mounds in the sub-Amazonian eco-region of Bolivia (Department of Beni) as a good practice to increase the resilience of cattle raisers to recurrent floods. Livestock refuge mounds are small mounds covering an area of about 0.5-1 ha, and they provide shelter for people, livestock and agricultural products during floods. In addition, ...