BACKGROUND The growing interest in research on the health effects of near-highway air pollutants requires an assessment of potential sources of error in exposure assignment techniques that rely on residential proximity to roadways. METHODS We compared the amount of positional error in the geocoding process for three different data sources (parcels, TIGER and StreetMap USA) to a "gold standard...

Northern Hemisphere alpine glaciers have been identified as a point of concentration and reemergence of legacy organochlorine pollutants (OCPs). In this review, we compile a selection of published literature combining long-range, global atmospheric transport and distribution-based compartmental environmental flux models, as well as data from glacial meltwater, ice core, crevasse and proglacial ...

Introduction Conclusions References

Welding fumes are common ambient air pollutants in manufacturing facilities, and have been shown to have deleterious effects on human health. An experimental effort is conducted to study the formation and composition of respirable fumes from a SMAW process. The responses examined are the fume particle size distribution (mean diameter) and formation rate (particle number and mass concentration)....

The study of health effects induced by exposure to mixtures of pollutants is a complex task. The purpose of this paper is to identify areas of research in which the conduct of human controlled exposure (clinical) studies may contribute to better understanding health effects of exposure to indoor air and other mixtures. The strengths and weaknesses of clinical studies in general are reviewed, as...

BACKGROUND The relationship between occupational noise and cardiovascular outcomes has been widely investigated. Regarding environmental noise levels, the attention is focused on road traffic noise due to the large number of exposed persons and the large periods of exposure. There are few studies assessing the short-term effects of traffic noise on cardiovascular outcomes. The aim of this study...

Newly discovered two-dimensional tin, named stanene, has been theoretically predicted and found to have unique electronic properties. Stanene is found to have a buckled structure which could be a key structure against chemical reactivity. Hence, the reactivity of stanene against key air pollutants NO, NO2, SO, SO2, CO, and CO2 is investigated within first principles calculations. The results sh...

While recent reports have commented on the elevated ambient levels of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) in certain areas of Houston, relative to other cities, few studies have assessed the health effects of HAPs for Houstonians and none have evaluated the association between ambient levels of these pollutants and lymphohematopoietic cancer risk in this population. To begin to address this deficit...

Increasing emission of anthropogenic particles is causing heavy air pollution. This work intends to analyze the air pollution in Osaka. PM is usually used as an indicator of air quality, because high PM concentrations can degrade air quality. Osaka is the second largest metropolitan region of Japan and its air is significantly polluted by anthropogenic particles emitted from vehicles and indust...

Asthma has a high prevalence in the United States, and persons with asthma may be at added risk from the adverse effects of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Complex mixtures (fine particulate matter and tobacco smoke) have been associated with respiratory symptoms and hospital admissions for asthma. The toxic ingredients of these mixtures are HAPs, but whether ambient HAP exposures can induce a...