The evolution of current terrestrial life was founded by major waves of land invasion coinciding with high atmospheric oxygen content. These waves were followed by periods with substantially reduced oxygen concentration and accompanied by the evolution of novel traits. Reproduction and development are limiting factors for evolutionary water-land transitions, and brood care has probably facilita...

background: the gold standard of the management of rectal cancer in the middle and lower parts is low anterior resection with coloanal anastomosis. about 50% of the patients undergoing this procedure might experience some complications because of the low capacity of the neorectum. the aim of this study was to evaluate ileal j-pouch interposition as a neorectum between the anal canal and the rem...

OBJECTIVE To develop and assess a simple, inexpensive method for ascertaining the placement of intra-articular injections for knee osteoarthritis METHODS During a one year period patients with "dry" osteoarthritis of the knee who received intra-articular therapy were tested by air-arthrography. Along with triamcinolone and lignocaine (lidocaine), 5 ml of air was injected into the joint. On su...

To cite: Copley PC, Tyler R, Alvi A. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2015213662 DESCRIPTION Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is the surgical treatment of choice for patients with refractory ulcerative colitis. Long-term complications of this procedure include pouchitis, metabolic complications, strictures, fistulae, pou...

Male seahorses and pipefishes of the family Syngnathidae are heralded for their unique brood pouch structures for incubating embryos. There are three general types of brood pouch with increasing complexity: simple ventral gluing, two pouch flaps and a completely sealed sac. The diversity of functional roles within a type in providing nutrition, aeration and protection to offspring is unknown. H...

BACKGROUND There are no published studies comparing pouch configurations and long-term adverse outcomes. AIM To evaluate outcomes of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients undergoing restorative proctocolectomy with S-, J- pouches or continent ileostomy (CI). METHODS We conducted a historical cohort study from the prospectively maintained Pouch Registry. Demographic and clinical variables were ev...

INTRODUCTION To know the feasibility and outcome of the Santosh PGI pouch as a new innovative technique of continent cutaneous diversion (CCD) following cystectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twelve patients (eleven with carcinoma of the bladder and one with an exstrophy of the bladder) underwent CCD using the Santosh PGI pouch after cystectomy. A 50-cm segment of terminal ileum was isolated 15-20 ...

PURPOSE Pelvic sepsis is a serious complication after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis that may lead to pouch failure or poor function. Although a temporary loop ileostomy may be created at the time of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis to prevent or minimize the consequences of an anastomotic leak, research has suggested that an ileostomy can be safely omitted in selected patients...

After a total resection of the stomach, the continuity of the gastrointestinal tract can be restored either by Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy with or without a pouch. There is still no consensus on the best reconstruction technique. The aim of this report was to derive a more precise estimation of Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy with a pouch compared with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy without a po...