Introduction Alleviation of pain, by either medical or surgical therapy, is accompanied by transition from less efficient, or pro-nociceptive, to efficient conditioned pain modulation (CPM). Spontaneous decrease or resolution of pain with disease progression is reported for some patients with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). Objectives To explore whether CPM changes similarly in parallel to...

abstract background: the most important part in experiencing and recognizing the threshold of pain is the perception of pain. reflexology is a kind of complementary therapy which is rooted in the beliefs of the community. this study was aimed to determine the effect of reflexology on pain perception aspects in patients with chronic low back pain. materials and methods: this single-blind clinica...

introduction: functional gastrointestinal disorders (fgid) are non-fatal, unknown etiology disorders with absence of a structural or biochemical explanation and accounting for up to 50% of gastroenterology referrals. infant regurgitation, rumination and cyclic vomiting constitute the vomiting disorders. abdominal pain disorders are classified as: functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome (...

BACKGROUND Mortality in chronic pancreatitis is higher than in the general population, the 10-year survival after diagnosis is estimated between 69-80%. AIM Evaluation of mortality risk factors in chronic pancreatitis. MATERIAL AND METHOD Eighty-two patients with chronic pancreatitis were followed-up for an average period of 25 months (median 25 months). None of them had an endoscopic treat...

BACKGROUND The treatment of burn patients is very challenging because burn injuries are one of the most severe traumas that can be experienced. The effect of music therapy on burn patients has been widely reported, but the results have been inconsistent. Thus, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in burn patients to determine the effect of music dur...

Background: Pain alleviation and its prevention is one of the nursing priorities. Morbidity and mortality, time of hospitalization and its cost diminished by adequate pain management .according to the importance of innovative educational method, the current study conducted. Methods: This quasi-experimental study conducted on under-teaching nursing students at Zabol and Zahedan College. 60 stude...

The minimization and alleviation of suffering has moral and scientific implications. In order to mitigate this negative experience one must be able to identify when an animal is actually in distress. Pain, illness, or distress cannot be managed if unrecognized. Evaluation of pain or illness typically involves the measurement of physiologic and behavioral indicators which are either invasive or ...

BACKGROUND In this study we investigated (a) to what extent physicians have experience with performing a range of end-of-life decisions (ELDs), (b) if they have no experience with performing an ELD, would they be willing to do so under certain conditions and (c) which background characteristics are associated with having experience with/or being willing to make such ELDs. METHODS An anonymous...