Allopurinol, a widely used urate-lowering agent, is a leading cause of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), especially in patients with HLA-B*58:01. Despite its routine use for the prevention of tumor lysisrelated hyperuricemia prior to chemotherapy, the risk of allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity has not been investigated in patients with hematologic malignancies. This retrospective co...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Increased xanthine oxidase (XO) activity may contribute to heart failure pathophysiology. This study evaluated whether a XO inhibitor, allopurinol produces clinical and functional benefits in patients with New York Heart Association functional class III to IV heart failure due to systolic dysfunction receiving optimal medical therapy as estimated by global left myocardial fun...

Antihypertensive Inorganic Nitrate and Nitrite: What Is the Underlying Mechanism? To the Editor: l-Arginine, organic nitrates such as nitroglycerin, inorganic nitrate (NO3 −), and inorganic nitrite (NO2 −) are precursors of nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator and blood pressure–lowering molecule. How NO is released from nitroglycerin,1 NO3 −, and NO2 − is incompletely understood. Ghosh et a...

Background Allopurinol, a commonly prescribed medication for gout and hyperuricemia, is a frequent cause of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR), which include the hypersensitivity syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Allopurinol-induced SCAR is strongly associated with the HLA-B*58:01 allele. We sought to prevent allopurinol-induced SCAR by using HLA-B*58:01...

Therapeutic strategies against free radicals have mostly focused on the augmentation of antioxidant defenses (eg, vitamins C and E). A novel approach is to prevent free radical generation by the enzyme system xanthine oxidase. We examined whether the inhibition of xanthine oxidase with allopurinol can improve endothelial function in subjects with type 2 diabetes and coexisting mild hypertension...

AIMS To evaluate the effects of allopurinol in lens induced uveitis (LIU) by morphological methods and to compare these effects with those of steroids and a combination of both drugs biochemically and morphologically. METHODS Lipid peroxides (LPO) of the retinal tissue were determined by two different methods (thiobarbituric acid assay (TBA) and high performance liquid chromatography expresse...

1. The metabolism of allopurinol was studied in a newly discovered patient with xanthinuria. 2. No oxipurinol was detectable in the urine during allopurinol administration, in direct contrast to the results in a patient previously studied by one of us. 3. Other equally discrepant effects of allopurinol on urinary purine and pyrimidine excretion in these two cases are compared with those in the ...

Hyperuricemia is present in approximately 5% of the population, the vast majority of whom are asymptomatic and at no clinical risk. Complications, including renal calculi, uric acid nephropathy and gout, occur in a small proportion of patients. Allopurinol, an analog of hypoxanthine, has been widely used in clinical practice for over 30 years for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. Two per...

OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes increases risk of stroke, perhaps because of impaired cerebrovascular basal nitric oxide (NO) activity. We investigated whether this activity is improved by a 2-week course of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. We measured the response to infusion of NG-m...