Efficient total syntheses of fluvibactin and vibriobactin have been achieved via molybdenum(VI) oxide-catalyzed dehydrative cyclization, Sb(OEt)(3)-catalyzed ester-amide transformation, and WSCI and HOAt-promoted dehydrative amide formation.

deviation from planarity—such as observed during cis/trans isomerization occurring in protein folding—should result in major changes in reactivity and other chemical properties of the amide bond. For example, rotation of the amide bond is coupled with formal rehybridization of the nitrogen atom to sp, with attendant pyramidalization and greatly increased basicity. The most common experimental a...

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an endogenous intestinal peptide that enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Its natural cleavage product GLP-1(9-36)(amide) possesses distinct properties and does not affect insulin secretion. Here we report that pretreatment of hippocampal slices with GLP-1(9-36)(amide) prevented impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) and enhanced long-term depression...

Renal ammonia is produced from the amide nitrogen of glutamine, approximately 33-50%. The remainder derives from the amino nitrogen of glutamine and other non amide sources, probably the amino nitrogens of other amino acids. We investigated the acute effects of acid-base perturbations on ammonia production from amide and non amide nitrogen sources to determine how they interrelate. Infusions of...

Nine patients with coupled ventricular premature depolarizations (VPDs) were treated with intravenous procaine amide to abolish the arrhythmia. The effect of procaine amide on the electrocardiogram was carefully observed. Seven patients were treated with intermittent intravenous therapy-10( mg of procaine amide was injected every five minutes-and two were treated by constant intravenous infusio...

Appropriate values for the orientation of the amide transition dipoles are essential to the growing use of isotopically edited vibrational spectroscopy generally in structural biology and to infrared dichroism measurements on membrane-associated -helices, in particular. The orientations of the transition moments for the amide vibrations of an -helix have been determined from the ratio of intens...

This study provides an insight into the micellar aggregation properties in aqueous solutions of various gemini surfactants bearing one or more amide groups at the side chains and/or in the spacer by conductivity and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies. The amide functionality was found to enhance the surfactant aggregation properties as compared to the surfactants having no amide bond...

Abstract In recent years, transamidation has been an essential topic in the formation of amide bonds over conventional route due to chemoselectivity and greenside products. So many groups have disclosed new transformation techniques. Transamidation is typically classified into two categories based on activation: activated unactivated amide. We conducted a review pertinent literature that discus...

Background: Parkinson's disease is an aggressive and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that depletes dopamine (DA) in the central nervous system. Dopamine replacement therapy, mainly through actual dopamine and its original prodrug l-dopa (LD), faces many challenges such as poor blood brain barrier penetration and decreased response to therapy with time. Methods: The prodrugs described her...

Poly(ester amide)s are an emerging group of biodegradable polymers that may cover both commodity and speciality applications. These polymers have ester and amide groups on their chemical structure which are of a degradable character and provide good thermal and mechanical properties. In this sense, the strong hydrogen-bonding interactions between amide groups may counter some typical weaknesses...