OBJECTIVES To give an overview of the literature on balanitis, with a special emphasis on infective causes. METHOD A data search was performed using the OVID CD plus Medline 1967-1995, using balanitis and balanoposthitis as textword search strategy. Specific subjects such as anaerobic infection, Zoon's balanitis were sought separately and subgroups combined. Original articles and abstracts we...

Anaerobic infections usually occur when an anatomical barrier becomes disrupted and constituents of the local flora enter a site that was previously sterile. Any site in the body is susceptible to infection with these indigenous organisms when a mucosal barrier or the skin is compromised by surgery, trauma, tumor, ischemia, or necrosis, all of which can reduce local tissue redox potentials [1]....

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare form of lower urinary tract infection characterized by the presence gas in lumen and/ or bladder wall. The main cause diabetes, especially cases poor balance neuropathy, but also immunosuppression. It secondary to anaerobic glucose metabolism, which leads production CO2. This parietal emphysema dissection, can spread severe forms peri cellulo-fat space. Not reco...

We report a case of an infected pneumatocele in the course of anaerobic pneumonia in an adult. To the best of our knowledge, anaerobic pneumonia complicated by a pneumatocele in an adult has not previously been described. The pneumatocele occurred on the fifth day of hospitalization, and rapidly increased in size, with the development of a subsequent mixed anaerobe infection. A pig-tail cathete...

Intra-abdominal infections are biphasic, synergistic processes with early peritonitis and bacteremia due to aerobes and a later abscess component due to anaerobes. Although Bacteroides fragilis is the most commonly recognized pathogen, other anaerobes, including other members of the B. fragilis-group species, are major components of infection. Anaerobic bacteremia is often associated with an in...

Fifty-six blood donor sera were examined by indirect immunofluorescence for IgG antibodies to a selection of anaerobic bacterial strains, often isolated from wound cultures. Another 25 sera were examined by IgG antibodies to six NCTC Bacteroides strains. A wide range of IgG antibody titres were found against Fusobacterium, Clostridium, and anaerobic streptococcal species. Very low titres were f...

Vibrio fischeri induces both anaerobic respiration and bioluminescence during symbiotic infection. In many bacteria, the oxygen-sensitive regulator FNR activates anaerobic respiration, and a preliminary study using the light-generating lux genes from V. fischeri MJ1 cloned in Escherichia coli suggested that FNR stimulates bioluminescence. To test for FNR-mediated regulation of bioluminescence a...

Immune mechanisms active against Brucella were studied under conditions of oxygen deficiency. B. melitensis grew in rabbit serum-Tyrode medium flooded with N(2) and CO(2) gas mixtures. Immune sera from rabbits injected with B. melitensis strain Rev I possessed growth-inhibitory activity that operated in anaerobic environments against Rev I and virulent strain 6015. When mixed with macrophages, ...

The use of mesh in the management of abdominal wall hernias has significantly reduced the incidences of hernia recurrences. The placement of synthetic meshes to reinforce the abdominal wall is not without caveats. Synthetic meshes are associated with a risk of infection. Common causative microorganisms for mesh-related infection range from a diversity of gram positive, gram negative and anaerob...

1. During paralysis, the brain of the mouse infected with poliomyelitis virus shows on test after mincing a decrease in anaerobic glycolysis with no significant change in oxygen utilization. The decrease in anaerobic glycolysis varies from 5 per cent to 50 per cent. 2. Sodium fluoride produces a greater inhibition of anaerobic glycolysis in normal than in poliomyelitic brain. 3. Dehydrogenase a...