Complex social behavior builds on the mutual judgment of individuals as cooperation partners and competitors [1]. Play can be used for assessing the others' dispositions in humans and nonhuman mammals [2], whereas little is known about birds. Recently, food-caching corvids have been found to rival primates in their ability to judge the behaviors and intentions of others in competition for hidde...

This study demonstrated an e-learning system, MyEVA, based on a mixed-modality vocabulary strategy in assisting learners of English as a second language (L2 learners) to improve their vocabulary. To explore the learning effectiveness of MyEVA, the study compared four vocabulary-learning techniques, MyEVA in preference mode, MyEVA in basic mode, an Internet dictionary, and a traditional paper-ba...

Male sex workers (MSWs) and sex trades are not new in Bangladesh. Current HIV interventions for MSWs need to be expanded in the major cities, but the number of MSWs needs to be scientifically estimated. Although two-sample capture-recapture surveys are suitable for closed populations, this method was here applied to indirectly estimate the number of mobile MSWs in a conservative social setting,...

Privatization of urban services focuses often on the involvement of foreign enterprises. This contribution deals with micro-privatization, the partial transfer of government responsibility for solid waste collection to micro-enterprises. It tries to shed light on whether the current private sector participation (PSP) of micro-enterprises in solid waste collection service is the best way to capt...

background and aims. effect of surface treatments on repair bond strength of aged composite resins might be different due to their dissimilar fillers. the aim was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on repair micro-shear bond strength (µsbs) of silica- (spectrum tph) and zirconia-filled (filtek z250) composite resins. materials and methods. twenty-seven composite resin blocks...

BACKGROUND Novel serological methods provide alternative options for sero-diagnosis, sero-epidemiology and for determining evidence of naturally acquired or vaccine induced immunity. Micro-neutralization tests are currently the gold standard for serological studies of highly pathogenic avian influenza in mammalian species but require handling live virus in a biosafety level (BSL) 3 environment....

background cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. organized cervical screening and vaccination against human papilloma virus (hpv) have been successful interventions for prevention of invasive cervical cancer (icc). because of cultural and religious considerations, icc has low incidence in iran and many other muslim countries. there is no organized cervical scre...

This paper describes our TTI-COIN system that participated in SemEval-2017 Task 10. We investigated appropriate embeddings to adapt a neural end-to-end entity and relation extraction system LSTMER to this task. We participated in the full task setting of the entity segmentation, entity classification and relation classification (scenario 1) and the setting of relation classification only (scena...

background: clinical learning is one of the important issues that helps the perception of nursing students’ practice in a clinical setting and its effect on their professional development. the aim of this study is to describe and state the manner of clinical learning in nursing students. materials and methods: this qualitative study was conducted as a grounded theory. the individual semi-struct...

BACKGROUND Telemonitoring can improve heart failure (HF) management, but there is no standardized evaluation framework to comprehensively evaluate its impact. OBJECTIVE Our objectives were to list the criteria used in published evaluations of noninvasive HF telemonitoring projects, describe how they are used in the evaluation studies, and organize them into a consistent scheme. METHODS Arti...