urban form has undergone tremendous changes throughout history. these changes have stemmed from various causes. technology has been one of the most influential forces in changing the face of cities, leaving different marks on the city form. in fact, technology has gained an increasingly more important and integrative role in bringing changes to the urban form. in addition, recent plethora of de...

this study is done to define the technological contribution in the value chain of chemical industries and assess the effects of this on industrial’s value added. the value network contains 581 active firms in 5 stages and 21 groups, and date gathered with 141 questionnaires by snowball method. then the technology contribution and economic value added are defined for each stage and group. beside...

In this paper we present the current state of our research on simulation of temporal bone surgical procedures. We describe the results of tests performed on a virtual surgical training system for middle ear surgery. The work is aimed to demonstrate how expert surgeons and trainees can effectively use the system for training and assessment purposes. Preliminary kinematic and dynamic analysis of ...

This paper presents the final design of a reduced-scale locomotion interface for which the mechanical transmission is achieved with 18 cables. Two six degree-of-freedom parallel mechanisms are used as haptic interfaces for the feet. A one-degree-of-freedom counterweight is used to maintain the equilibrium of the user. Software integration for rendering the locomotion, visual effects and haptic ...

This paper examines how high cost mortgage lending varies by race and ethnicity. It uses a unique panel data that matches a representative sample of mortgages in seven large metropolitan markets between 2004 and 2008 to public records of housing transactions and proprietary credit reporting data. The results reveal a significantly higher incidence of high costs loans for African-American and Hi...

This paper estimates the Frisch elasticity of labor supply, which represents the intertemporal elasticity of substitution. Estimation of this elasticity has previously required assuming that utility is either separable between consumption and leisure or quasi-homothetic with respect to leisure. These restrictions are required to generate hours equations in which individual effects, representing...

conclusions the results showed that the use of information technology in hospitals had several effects on some aspects of organizational strategy such as organizational knowledge, medical economics, and organizational decisions. in order to set up the governance of information technology in health system, it is necessary to involve managers and personnel alike in redesigning information systems...

in this paper we investigate the effects of broadband infrastructure providing high speed internet, on economic growth in developing countries. we have used two different broadband measures to classify developing countries into two groups for the period 1999-2008. by using logistic diffusion model and iv approach, a nonlinear diffusion model is specified. differences in ceiling of diffusion cur...