BACKGROUND Androgen deprivation therapy has some clinical activity in selected salivary gland cancer histotypes, with androgen receptor expression. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed patients with androgen receptor-expressing recurrent/metastatic salivary gland cancer, treated with androgen deprivation therapy. Protein expression of androgen receptor and ErbB family members was investigated....

We used either the synthetic androgen R1881 (methyltrienolone) or 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5 alpha-DHT) to characterize androgen receptors in rat aortic and myocardial cytoplasmic and nuclear preparations. Relative steroid specificity studies established that only androgens were effective inhibitors of R1881 (cytoplasmic) or 5 alpha-DHT (nuclear) binding to aortic and myocardial androgen re...

Human hair follicles, which are distributed in various and specific sites of the body, appear to have an inherited susceptibility for androgen-dependent growth. Beard, axillary, and frontal scalp dermal papilla cells (DPC) were recently shown to possess the characteristics of androgen target cells. These DPC show strong expression of androgen receptors, and the expression of type II 5alpha redu...

Androgen receptor signaling plays a critical role in prostate cancer pathogenesis. Yet, the regulation of androgen receptor signaling remains elusive. Even with stringent androgen deprivation therapy, androgen receptor signaling persists. Here, our data suggest that there is a complex interaction between the expression of the tumor suppressor miRNA, miR-31, and androgen receptor signaling. We e...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1862 1. Androgen Replacement Therapy: General Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1862 1.1 Testosterone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

The androgen receptor is a member of the family of nuclear receptors. In its activated form as an androgen receptor ligand complex (the ligand can either be testosterone or 5a-dihydrotestosterone), the androgen receptor is able to regulate a specific expression of target genes. The androgen receptor is expressed at high levels in male reproductive tissues. Mutations in the androgen receptor gen...

The current understanding of the response of androgen receptor to pharmacologic inhibitors in prostate cancer is derived primarily from serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. In this study, we test whether a novel androgen receptor-specific molecular imaging system is able to detect the action of the antiandrogen flutamide on androgen receptor function in xenograft models of prostate can...

To investigate potential mechanisms for sex differences in the physiologic response to androgens, the present study compared the hormonal regulation of intracellular androgen receptor partitioning and the distribution of androgen receptor immunoreactivity in select brain regions from male and female hamsters. Androgen receptors were visualized on coronal brain sections. Two weeks after castrati...

Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder. Patients have 46 XY karyotype, and the external genitalia of normal female. In this manuscript, we describe nine year old child diagnosed at three years age with Autoimmune Polyendocrine type-1 (APS-1). The was female no hernia. Parents initially declined any endocrine disorder in family. Genetic study, which...

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related death in American men. Development and progression of clinically localized prostate cancer is highly dependent on androgen signaling. Metastatic tumors are initially responsive to anti-androgen therapy, however become resistant to this regimen upon progression. Genomic and proteomic studies have implicated a role for androgen in regu...