background beta-2 microglobulin (b2m) is considered as a surrogate marker for middle molecule uremic toxins and a key component in dialysis-related amyloidosis. however, few studies have evaluated role of b2m in patients with chronic kidney disease (ckd). objectives the purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of plasma b2m level with some metabolic and cardiac performance factors ...

Anemia of inflammation (AI, also called anemia of chronic disease) is a common, typically normocytic, normochromic anemia that is caused by an underlying inflammatory disease. It is diagnosed when serum iron concentrations are low despite adequate iron stores, as evidenced by serum ferritin that is not low. In the setting of inflammation, it may be difficult to differentiate AI from iron defici...

BACKGROUND Although previous work has suggested that anemia is associated with an increased mortality in selected patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), little is known about the prevalence and predictors of anemia, or whether anemia is an independent prognostic factor in unselected, community-based patients with CHF. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed a population-based cohort of patient...

The anemia of chronic disease is a prevalent, poorly understood condition that afflicts patients with a wide variety of diseases, including infections, malignancies, and rheumatologic disorders. It is characterized by a blunted erythropoietin response by erythroid precursors, decreased red blood cell survival, and a defect in iron absorption and macrophage iron retention, which interrupts iron ...

Acute phase proteins play a significant role in anemia of chronic disease and thought to be beneficial in maintain homeostasis. In both the condition, anemia of chronic disease as well as iron deficiency anemia alteration in iron homeostasis takes place. The study includes patients of pulmonary tuberculosis patients (ACD), Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) patients and control subjects. Serum CRP, S...

OBJECTIVE To identify the occurrence of anemia in pediatric patients on hemodialysis and the association between hemoglobin levels and anemia in CKD-related variables. METHODS This was a retrospective study. Patients aged up to 18 years with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis at this service between January of 2009 and December of 2010 were selected. Clinical and laboratory data w...

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is more common in patients with chronic kidney disease and is associated with higher mortality than in the general population. Blood losses in this patient population can be quite severe at times and it is important to differentiate anemia of chronic diseases from anemia due to GI bleeding. We review the literature on common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleedi...

background : the aim of this study was to investigate the association between the two most commonly used generic and disease specific health-related quality of life (hrqol) measures in patients with chronic lung disease due to sm: medical outcomes study short form 36-item (sf-36) and st george's respiratory questionnaire (sgrq). methods : this is a secondary analysis of iranian chemical warfare...

The prevalence of kidney chronic disease (CKD) has increased in recent years and several risk factors have been associated with the onset and progression of CDK, such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. In addition, anemia is one of the complications of CRD, mainly by iron and erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency and the management of this situation is with exogenous erythropoietin, but ...