In this study, we evolve both the controller and morphology of artificially embodied legged creatures. This is achieved by relaxing certain morphological constraints previously imposed on the artificial creature where the focus had only been on the optimization of its artificial neural network (ANN) controller. The first objective is to explore the legged locomotion behaviors that can be achiev...

As commonsense would have it, dogs, cats, elephants, dolphins, chimps, and many other species of nonhuman animals are minded creatures: they can feel hunger, thirst, fatigue, agitation, pain and pleasure; they can try or want to do things; they can be startled, surprised, puzzled, or scared by this or that; they can have more or less specific interests, wants, and expectations; and, though lang...

Among the burials of horse herders who lived in 4th–3rd centuries BCE Altai Mountains South Siberia were some that contained small wooden figures four-legged hoofed animals represent horses, deer, or hybrid creatures. They decorated headgear buried with select commoners Pazyryk Culture. Although people, material possessions, and horses elites frequently ornamented imagery often associated so-ca...

This study examines the sociopragmatics of animal and supernatural creatures’ names in Yemeni Arabic (YA) their translation into English. The aims to identify most effective English translations these metaphors by sending a questionnaire 43 native speakers (NESs), focusing on Target Language similes (TL) using Abdul-Raof’s (2006) framework classify similes. findings indicate that YA dialects us...