Abstract T. G. Masaryk’s thought is famous for his concept of the Czech nation as well ideals humanity. As a philosopher, sociologist, and politician, he was confronted with anti-Semitism, after Czechoslovakia founded, issues Jewish national minority. He tried to solve all questions respect ethical conviction democracy equality. The most difficult personal situation Masaryk emerged ‘Hilsner aff...

Physicians today are facing numerous and powerful attacks on the exercise of many of their most basic functions. If asked to identify one source most responsible for these challenges, many physicians would name the legal profession. Legal intrusion into the medical profession goes beyond challenges to the physician's income; it threatens what many physicians believe to be the traditions that ma...

We consider social networks in which links are associated with a sign; a positive (negative) sign indicates friendship (animosity) between the connected nodes. Recent work studies such large online signed networks by applying theories that stem from the notion of social balance. Computing the social balance of a signed network requires counting the distinct configurations of the signed edges wi...

European countries are much more generous to the poor relative to the US level of generosity. Economic models suggest that redistribution is a function of the variance and skewness of the pre-tax income distribution, the volatility of income (perhaps because of trade shocks), the social costs of taxation and the expected income mobility of the median voter. None of these factors appear to expla...

Findings are presented from a survey of employers conducted to assess the impact of immigration and employer practices upon the chances of Blacks finding employment in Los Angeles. The highest ranking person involved in the hiring process at each of 44 restaurants, 46 printers, 41 hotels, and 39 furniture manufacturers was interviewed. The hiring of new employees drawn from the network of cur...

In the early stage of Islam, Prophet Muhammad in the eyes of Meccans was an arch enemy of their lucrative business and a great threat to the religion of their forefathers. To stop his monotheism, they launched their vicious campaign against him, and thus they called him an enraptured poet and ambitious self-seeker; however, the prophet’s peaceful victory over them resulted in the cessation of t...

Traditionally, prejudice has been conceptualized as simple animosity. The stereotype content model (SCM) shows that some prejudice is worse. The SCM previously demonstrated separate stereotype dimensions of warmth (low-high) and competence (low-high), identifying four distinct out-group clusters. The SCM predicts that only extreme out-groups, groups that are both stereotypically hostile and ste...

During many centuries, the progress of Anatomy was based on the perseverant and laborious activities done by anatomists. Their work can be considered as a fight for Anatomy. A particular problem arouse when this fight is excessively done and it limits the ability to correctly analyze the contribution made by other scientists in the same domain. This situation was identified at different persona...

Any attempt at presenting the relations between two neighboring countries over the course of almost half a century in a brief paper is a highly hazardous undertaking, and could even be recognized as blatant impudence. In this case, however, the titular relations between Poland the USSR were highly composite, remaining under the extremely strong impact of a centuriesold tradition of animosity an...