Certain folie acid antagonists have been shown by Farber (8) and by others (3, 5, 19, 29) to pro duce temporary remissions of acute leukemia in children. A therapeutic action of these agents, re sulting in a prolongation of survival time in mice bearing transplantable leukemias, has been de scribed by Burchenal et al. (2), by Law et cd. (17), and by Kirschbaum (12). Folie acid antagonistresista...

The difficulties in cardiovascular drug development have been exposed by recent clinical trials, which have uncovered various limitations of promising drug candidates. Yet, the imperative to improve medical treatment of atherosclerosis in aging populations afflicted by metabolic disease remains unbroken. Herein alternatives to metabolically active compounds such as glitazones and torcetrapib ar...

Exploitation of the metabolic capabilities of the genus Sphingomonas could provide important commercial benefits to biotechnology. Recent advances have demonstrated that these organisms have unique abilities to degrade refractory contaminants, to serve as bacterial antagonists to phytopathogenic fungi, and to secrete the highly useful gellan exopolysaccharides. Unfortunately, Sphingomonas are a...

The discovery of the retinoblastoma (RB-1) gene as a tumor suppressor that is disrupted in a majority of human cancers either via direct or indirect genetic alterations has resulted in increased interest in its functions and downstream effectors. Although the canonical pathway that links this tumor suppressor to human cancers details its interaction with the E2F transcription factors and cell-c...

CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors are the primary targets of endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids). These G protein-coupled receptors play an important role in many processes, including metabolic regulation, craving, pain, anxiety, bone growth, and immune function. Cannabinoid receptors can be engaged directly by agonists or antagonists, or indirectly by manipulating endocannabinoid metabo...

Impairment of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) signaling plays an important role in the development of neurodegeneration. In the present study, we investigated the effect of H2O2 on the survival signaling of IGF-1 and its underlying mechanisms in human neuronal cells SH-SY5Y. Our results showed that IGF-1 promoted cell survival and stimulated phosphorylation of IGF-1R as well as its downstr...

Insulin resistance is an essential feature of the metabolic syndrome that has been linked to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Understanding how inflammation arising in one tissue affects the physiology and pathology of other organs remains an unanswered question with therapeutic implications for chronic conditions including obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and RA. Adipokines may play a ro...

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is becoming a growing public health problem along with the increase of metabolic syndrome worldwide. Extracellular nucleotides are known to serve as danger signal by initiating purinergic signaling in many inflammatory disorders, although role progression NASH remains be clarified. Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) key molecule responsible for vesicula...

There is a lack of guidelines for preoperative dosing opioid and nonopioid pain medications surgical patients, which can lead to suboptimal control. The Society Perioperative Assessment Quality Improvement identified analgesics as an area in consensus could improve patient care. aim this guideline provide that will allow perioperative physicians make optimal recommendations regarding medication...